Adrenal diseases and paget's bone disease pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cortisol synthesized from?

A

-Cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are mineralcorticoids used for?

A

-Aldosterone for salt retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can androgens be converted to?

A

-Estrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the primary use for glucocorticoids?

A

-Rapid and dramatic anti-inflammatory effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do topical glucocorticoids inhibit?

A

-Histamine release and skin thinning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do glucocorticoids suppress?

A

-Leukocytes and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the side effects of glucocorticoids?

A
  • Loss of muscle mass
  • Muscle weakness
  • Thinning of skin
  • Impaired wound healing
  • Osteoporosis
  • Diabetogenesis
  • GI peptic ulcer
  • Catabolic and anti-anabolic effects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does Diabetogenesis mean?

A
  • Increased glucose levels

- Increase insulin release and lipogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are short to medium acting glucocorticoids?

A
  • Hydrocortisone
  • Cortisone
  • Prednisone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are long acting glucocorticoids?

A

-Dexamethasone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the uses for glucocorticoids?

A
  • Allergic reactions
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome
  • Dermatitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What occurs in Addison’s disease?

A

-The adrenal glands produce too little cortisol and aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do you treat Addison’s disease?

A

-Hydrocortisone daily (Increase doses during stress)

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When treating Addison’s disease what do you combine with hydrocortisone?

A

-Salt-retaining hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Cushing’s disease?

A

-Chronic high levels of cortisol usually due to ACTH secreting tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the symptoms of Cushing’s disease?

A
  • Fatty hump (Buffalo hump)
  • Moon face
  • Strech marks on skin
  • Osteoporosis
  • Hypertension
17
Q

What drugs are used for treatment in Cushing’s disease?

A
  • Ketoconazole

- Metryapone

18
Q

What does Ketoconazole do?

A

-Inhibit adrenal steroid synthesis

19
Q

What does Metyrapone do?

A

-Selective inhibitor of cortisol/corticosterone synthesis

20
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

-Abnormal loss of bone leading to fractures

21
Q

What are the three principal hormonal regulators of Ca2+ homeostasis?

A
  • PTH

- Vitamin D

22
Q

What are bisphosphonates used to treat osteoporosis?

A
  • Ibandronate (Boniva)
  • Alendronate sodium (Fosamax)
  • Zoledronic acid (Reclast, Aclasta)