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Flashcards in adrenal Deck (40)
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1
Q

cushings is too much

A

cortisol

2
Q

most common reason for too much body-produced cortisol

A

ACTH secreting tumor of pituitary

3
Q

non-glandular reason for too much cortisol

A

paraneoplastic ACTH from tumor (small cell lung cancer)

4
Q

adrenal findings in pituitary or paraneoplastic cushings

A

bilateral cortical atrophy

5
Q

adrenal finding in endogenous cushings

A

nodular hyperplasia

6
Q

most common reason for cushings

A

iatrogenic

7
Q

adrenal findings in iatrogenic cushings

A

total adrenal atrophy

8
Q

lab values of adrenal cushings

A

high cortisol.low ACTH

9
Q

crooke hylaline change

A

normal granular basophilic cytoplasm of pituitary replaced with homogenous lightly basophilic material

10
Q

adrenal glands with yellows tumors surrounded by capsules

A

adenomas

11
Q

large non-capsulated adrenal tumors

A

carcinomas

12
Q

increased levels of plasma renin a sign of

A

secondary hyperaldosterinism

13
Q

can cause secondary hyperaldosterinism

A

decreased renal perfusion
hypovomenia
pregnency

14
Q

decreased plasma renin a sign of

A

primary hyperaldosterinism

15
Q

spirolactone bodies

A

aldosterone-producting adenomas

16
Q

eosinophilic laminated cytoplasmic inclusions

A

spirolactone bodies

17
Q

DOC of hyperaldosternoism

A

spirolactone

18
Q

clincial hallmark of hyperaldosteronism

A

high bloood pressure

19
Q

long term effects of hyperaldosteronism

A

LV hypertrophy, hypokalemia

20
Q

enzyme deficiency in congenital adrenal hyperplasia

A

12-hydroxylase

21
Q

masculinization in females, precocious puberty in makes, salt wasting and hypotension

A

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

22
Q

causes of acute adrenal insuffciency

A

massive adrenal cortex
waterhouse-freiderichsen syndrome
sudden wd of long-term corticosteroid therapy
sress in pts with underlying chronic adrenal insuffciencu

23
Q

causes of chronic adrenal insuffciency

A

autoimmune adrenalitis
TB
AIDS
metastatic disease

24
Q

chronic adrenalcortical insufficiency name

A

addison disease

25
Q

most common cause of addison

A

autoimmune (APS1)h

26
Q

hyperpigmentatio is in

A

primary addison disease

27
Q

GI disturbances, weight loss, hyperpigmentation, hyperkalemia, hyponatermia, volume depletion and hypotension

A

primary addison disease

28
Q

low cortiso and androgen and normal aldosterone

A

secondary hypoadrenalism

29
Q

intractable vomiting, abdominal pain, hypotension, coma and vascular collapse

A

acute adrenal crisis

30
Q

infections, including TB and AIDS can cuase

A

chronic hypoadrenalism

31
Q

syndromes associated with adrenal cortical carcinomas

A

li-fraumeni and beckwith-wiedemann

32
Q

porrly demarcated lesions with necrosis, hemorrage and cystic change

A

adrenocortical carcinomas

33
Q

adrenal cancers invade the:

A

adrenal vein, vena cave and lymphatics

34
Q

icubation of tissue with potassium dicromate turns it dark brown

A

pheo

35
Q

zellballen nests

A

pheo

36
Q

small nets of granular cells highlihted by silver stain

A

pheo

37
Q

definitive dx of pheo malignancy made by

A

mets

38
Q

clinical feature of pheo

A

abrupt spike in hypertension, tachycardia, palps, headache, sweating, tremor, apprehension

39
Q

risks of pheo

A

MI, HF, renal injury, CVA

40
Q

lab dx of pheo

A

increased urinary catecholamines