Acoustics Flashcards Preview

My PRAXIS cards > Acoustics > Flashcards

Flashcards in Acoustics Deck (34)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Allophones

A

variations of phonemes that do not change word meaning but change pronunciation.

2
Q

Syllable

A

smallest phonetic unit made up of onset, nucleus and coda.

3
Q

Onset

A

initial consonant or cluster

4
Q

Nucleus

A

vowel or dipthong in the middle of the syllable

5
Q

Coda

A

consonant at the end of the syllable

6
Q

Suprasegmentals

A

features of prosody that add meaning

7
Q

Juncture

A

the combination of suprasegmentals such as intonation and pausing that mark special distinctions in speech.

8
Q

Sound waves

A

movement of particles in a medium containing expands and contractions of molecules

9
Q

Compression

A

phase of sound in where movements of an object increase the density of air molecules because the molecules are compressed

10
Q

Rarefaction

A

thinning of air molecules

11
Q

Simple harmonic motion

A

back and forth movement of particles with the movement is symmetric and periodic aka sine wave

12
Q

Sinusoidal motion

A

a single frequency that is symmetrical and the result of a simple harmonic motion

13
Q

Aperiodic waves

A

do not repeat at regular intervals

14
Q

Periodic waves

A

repeat at regular intervals

15
Q

Amplitude

A

magnitude of displacement

16
Q

Intensity-

A

the quality of sound that creates a sensation of loudness

17
Q

Oscillation

A

back and forth movement of air molecules due to vibrating object

18
Q

Frequency

A

number of cycles per second or 1 Hz

19
Q

Formant frequency

A

frequency region with concentrated acoustic energy

20
Q

Fundamental frequency

A

lowest frequency of a periodic wave

21
Q

Impedance

A

acoustic resistance

22
Q

Speech sounds are classified according to two approaches…..

A

DFA and P-M-V.

23
Q

Complex tone

A

two or more single frequency tones of different frequencies.

24
Q

Period

A

amount of time needed for a cycle to be completed.

25
Q

Pitch

A

related to frequency

26
Q

Amplitude-

A

sound pressure related to loudness

27
Q

Hearing level

A

minimum intensity to stimulate the human auditory system

28
Q

Sound spectrograph-

A

electronic instrument that graphically records the changing intensity levels of the frequency components in a complex wave creating a spectrogram that displays time, frequency and intensity.

29
Q

Vowels are described according to frequencies of …..

A

first 3 formants (F1, F2, F3)

30
Q

FF of vowels varies with….

A

their height

31
Q

High vowels have….

A

higher FF

32
Q

F1 vaires mostly as a result of

A

tongue height

33
Q

F2 varies as a result of

A

tongue advancement

34
Q

Voice onset time=

A

the time between release of the stop consonant and the beginig of the vowel.