Acids and Bases Flashcards
What is the pH scale?
The pH scale is a measure of the concentration of H+ ions or OH- ions in a solution
What does a pH reading of 7 mean?
The solution is neither acid or alkali and is classed as neutral (pure water)
What does a pH reading of more than 7 mean?
The solution is alkaline
What does a pH reading of less than 7 mean?
The solution is acidic
What can be used to measure the pH of a solution?
pH paper
Universal Indicator
What is the definition of an acid?
A solution with a greater concentration of H+ ions than OH- ions. This causes the pH reading to be below 7
What is the definition of an alkali?
A solution with a greater concentration of OH- ions than H+ ions. This causes the pH reading to be above 7
When an acid or alkali is diluted with water, what happen tot the pH and why?
The pH heads towards 7 but never reaches 7 as there will forever be a slight imbalance of H+ and OH- ions in the solution
What, when dissolved in water, will produce an acidic solution?
Non-Metal Oxide
What, when dissolved in water, will produce an alkaline solution?
Soluble Metal Oxide
What are the the four types of bases that can be used to neutralise and acid?
An alkali
A metal-oxide
A metal-hydroxide
A carbonate
What is neutralisation?
When an acid and a base are added together to react ad bring the pH of the solution to 7
What do all neutralisation reactions look like?
Acid + Base === Salt + Water
In an example neutralisation between Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide, what is the name of the salt produced?
Sodium Chloride
