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Flashcards in Acid base Deck (7)
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1
Q

normal range anion gap?

A

10-18 mmol/L

2
Q

four causes of metabolic acidosis and increased anion gap?

A

lactic acid (eg shock, infection, tissue ischaemia);
urate (renal failure);
ketones (diabetes mellitus, alcohol);
drugs/toxins (salicylates, biguanides, ethylene glycol, methanol).

3
Q

six causes of metabolic acidosis and a normal anion gap?

A
renal tubular acidosis;
diarrhoea;
drugs (acetazolomide);
Addison's disease;
pancreatic fistula;
ammonium chloride ingestion.
4
Q

In a cause of metabolic acidosis due to loss of bicarbonate, what would you expect the anion gap to be?

A

normal anion gap

5
Q

in a cause of metabolic acidosis due to an ingestion of H+ ions (Cl- retained), what would you expect the anion gap to be?

A

normal anion gap

6
Q

in a cause of metabolic acidosis due to increased production or reduced excretion of fixed or organic acids, what would you expect the anion gap to be?

A

increased anion gap

7
Q

four differentials for ketoacidosis?

A

DKA,
alcoholic ketoacidosis,
starvation ketosis,
isopropyl alcohol ingestion