absolute and relative bioavailibility and their use in clinical practice. Therapeutic drug monitering. Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in absolute and relative bioavailibility and their use in clinical practice. Therapeutic drug monitering. Deck (12)
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1
Q

Definition of pharmacokinetics (Ph.K):

A

mathematical basis to assess the time course of drugs and their effects in the body

⦁ Absorption
⦁ Distribution
⦁ Metabolism
⦁ Excretion

2
Q

Definition of Bioavailability (F):

A

fraction of unchanged drug reaching the systemic circulation that can acomplish effect.

3
Q

Bioavailability (F): in iv

A

F is assumed to be equal to a unit (100%).

4
Q

Bioavailability (F) oral prep

A

less than 100% for two 1) ¾ incomplete extent of absorption

2) first-pass elimination

5
Q

ioavailability (F)

Clin.importance

A

gives info about : 1.) absorbtion; 2.) first pass effect

6
Q

bioavailability indicies

A

-pharmacokinetic indicies

AUC-area under blood conc time curve measure of extent of drug bioavailability

-biopharmaceutical 
indicies
AUC
CMAX- peak serum conc
TMAX-time taken to reach CMAX
7
Q

Types of bioavailability

A

⦁ Absolut F:
compare F between i.v. and other routes of application

⦁ Relative F:
compare F of a new drug form with F of same drug approved by practice but in a different ROA

8
Q

Therapeutic drug monitering (TDM)

A

involves measuring the drug plasma level at set intervals to observe 1)drug efficacy

2) ADR
3) compliance

9
Q

2 types of criteria for TDM:

A
  1. Drug criteria

2. Patients’s criteria

10
Q

which drugs require TDM

A

⦁ Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index

⦁ Patients with symptoms of toxicity

⦁ Drugs with active metabolites

⦁ In cases with complexed combination therapies with expected drug interactions

11
Q

population rrequiring TDM

A
⦁	infants
⦁	pregnant women 
⦁	the elderly
⦁	patients with GI problems
⦁	patients with liver and/or kidney disease
⦁	patients with cardiac faliure
12
Q

TDM for pharmacodynamics

A

⦁ measurment of blood glucose of a diabetic after the intake of insulin

⦁ measurment of blood presure before and after the administration of anti-hypertensive drugs⦁ measurment of blood presure before and after the administration of anti-hypertensive drugs

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