Abnormalities of the Abdomen Flashcards Preview

NURS 307 > Abnormalities of the Abdomen > Flashcards

Flashcards in Abnormalities of the Abdomen Deck (14)
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1
Q

Ascites

A

accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

2
Q

Symptoms of Ascites

A
  • everted umbilicus
  • increased abdominal girth
  • taut/tight skin
  • usually normal bowel sounds
3
Q

Constipation

A

bowels are evacuated at long intervals or with difficulty/straining, stool is usually very hard

4
Q

Umbilical Hernia

A

soft skin covered mass which is the protrusion of the intestine through a weakness or incomplete closure in the umbilical ring

5
Q

Hepatitis

A

inflammation and usually enlarged liver, liver tender to palpation

6
Q

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER/GERD)

A
  • is a complex of symptoms of esophagitis and heartburn (pyrosis)
  • usually occurs 30-60 minutes after eating
  • aggravated by lying down or bending over
  • usually in infants characterized by spitting up/vomiting
7
Q

Aortic Aneurysm

A
  • may be palpable during routine physical exam and feels like a pulsating mass in the upper abdomen just left of midline
  • positive bruit
  • decreased femoral pulses
  • frequently located below the renal arteries
8
Q

Appendicitis

A
  • typically starts as dull, diffuse pain in periumbilical region that later shifts to severe, sharp, persistent pain and tenderness localized in RLQ (McBurney’s point).
  • Pain is aggravated by movement, coughing; associated with anorexia, N/V, fever
9
Q

Gastroenteritis/Gastritis (AGE)

A

diffuse generalized abdominal pain with nausea and or vomiting and or diarrhea

10
Q

Cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder

11
Q

a protuberant abdomen is

A

rounded, bulging, and stretched

12
Q

scaphoid abdomen

A

caves inward

13
Q

Sharp pain along the costovertebral angles occurs with

A

inflammation of the kidney or paranephric area

14
Q

Characteristics of Cholecystitis

A
  • sudden pain in RUQ that may radiate to right or left scapula and which builds over time
  • lasts 2-4 hours following ingestion of fatty foods, alcohol, or caffeine
  • associated with N/V, positive Murphy’s sign or sudden stop in inspiration with RUQ palpation.