Abdominal Day 2 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Abdominal Day 2 Deck (32)
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1
Q

what is obstipation?

A

complete lack of BM seen in bowel obstruction

2
Q

what is steatorrhea?

A

fatty stools seen in malabsorption

3
Q

what is tenesmus?

A

intense urge with straining but with little result seen in conditions involving the anal sphincter

4
Q

what is an acholic stool?

A

gray or light colored stool that lacks bile because of some kind of obstruction

5
Q

what might present with belly pain and LOW grade fever?

A

appendicitis
diverticulitis
cholecystitis
(slow developing)

6
Q

what might present with belly pain and HIGH grade fever?

A

cholangitis
UTI
PID
perforation with peritonitis

7
Q

what do you observe on the abdomen (1)?

A

contour
symmetry
visible masses /hernias

scars
striae
rashes/ lesions

8
Q

what do you observe on the abdomen (2)?

A

dilated veins (IVC obst or cirrhosis)
discoloration
peristalsis

9
Q

what is diastasis recti?

A

where midline muscle pops up when pt moves (common in babies)

10
Q

what color are striae in Cushings?

A

blue/purple

11
Q

what is capat medusae?

A

distended vasculature in the belly

12
Q

what is cullen’s sign?

A

discoloration around the umbalicus

-indicates bleeding within the abdominal cavity (pancreatitis)

13
Q

what is the Grey-Turner’s sign?

A

discoloration around the flank region (bruising)

-indicates intraabdominal bleeding

14
Q

what side do you use for belly sounds?

A

diaphragm

15
Q

what do you assess for on auscultation?

A

bowel sounds and bruits

16
Q

what would indicate absent/hypoactive bowel sounds?

A

no sounds after a minute or two

17
Q

what is borborigymi?

A

high pitched tinkle bowel sound

-may mean hyperactive bowel or potential obstruction

18
Q

what sound predominates in the belly?

A

tympany

19
Q

what type of aorta may be palpated?

A

distended

-greater than 5.5 cm indicates need for surgery

20
Q

what would light palpations identify?

A

abdominal tenderness
muscular resistance
superficial organs

21
Q

what would deep palpations identify?

A
identify masses
peritoneal signs
-localization
-cough
-rebound (est peritoneal inflammation)
22
Q

what is the normal size of the liver?

A

6-12 cm

23
Q

where do you percuss to find size of liver?

A

midclavicular line

24
Q

what is CVA on abdominal exam?

A

costovertebral angle tenderness for kidney tenderness

25
Q

what is Rovsing’s sign?

A

referred pain to RLQ when LLQ is palpated

26
Q

what is referred rebound sign?

A

RLQ pain when LLQ pain palpation is released with rebound

27
Q

what is psoas sign?

A

pain when pt tries to lift leg against resistance

28
Q

what is obturator sign?

A

abdominal pain when hip is flexed and internally rotated

29
Q

what is tenderness at McBurney’s point?

A

diagonal area from umbilicus to RLQ where appendix pain would present

30
Q

what is Murphy’s sign?

A

deeply palpate costal margin at rectus muscle and have pt take a deep breath.
positive sign would have increased tenderness or respiration halts

31
Q

what would cause visible peristalsis?

A

intestinal obstruction

32
Q

what abdominal bruits would be considered normal?

A

if they are heard only during systole

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