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Flashcards in Abd Doppler Quiz Deck (30)
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1
Q

(True,False) Portal hypertension or elevated pressure in the portal venous system is due to the decrease in venous flow or flow through the liver.

A

False (increased impedance)

2
Q

Hepatic veins enlarge as they approach the diaphragm

A

True

3
Q

Risk factors for aortic aneurysms:

A
-Tobacco abuse. 
• Hereditary/family history. 
• Advanced age. 
• Male gender (men are 5 times more
likely to develop AAA than women). 
• High cholesterol. 
• Obesity.
4
Q

Most intact aortic aneurysms produce symptoms of back and abdominal pain

A

False

5
Q

There’s no correlation between size and rupture

A

False

6
Q

How great does renal artery stenosis need to be before it causes hypertension?

A

60%

greater than or equal to 70%
p 308

7
Q

Greater than 60% stenosis would create a renal artery ratio of?

A

> 3.5

???

8
Q

What are some technical limitations of a renal artery study?

A
  • Stenosis in accessory renal arteries (although unlikely to cause hypertension)
  • Differentiation of occlusion/stenosis
  • Differentiation of occlusion/stenosis
  • Needs meticulous technique
  • Accuracy improves at >80% stenosis.
  • Low positive predictive value (PPV) & low Sensitivity in some reports
9
Q

Normal flow of the hepatic veins?

A

hepatofugal

10
Q

Portal vein is formed by ?

A

superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein

11
Q

What is used for a renal artery ratio?

A

Highest velocity obtained in the renal artery divided by the peak velocity from the aorta

12
Q

Which transducer frequency is most likely to reach the Nyquist limit?

A

Nyquist limit= PRF/2
Higher PRFs can eliminate aliasing
pg 11 of the vascular book says “The PRF on most systems is linked to the SCALE control in spectral and color Doppler. System PRF is not related to the transmitted frequency of the transducer.”
“Aliasing will occur when the Doppler frequency shift exceeds one half of the PRF. This is known as the Nyquist limit.”

13
Q

Fibromuscular dysplasia of the renal arteries is associated with what and who is it most likely to affect?

A

Associated with hypertension, and predominance in women (90%)

14
Q

Renal transplant, what the doppler would be to indicate rejection?

A

Waveforms in the segmental, interlobar, and arcuate arteries demonstrate high resistance with absent or minimal diastolic flow (and sometimes reversal of flow)

15
Q

What is fear of food syndrome caused by?

A

Usually caused by athero occlusive disease at vessel origins

16
Q

Hepatic outflow obstruction, what can cause it?

A
  • Hepatomegaly
  • Splenomegaly
  • Ascites
  • Extrinsic compression by a tumor
  • Thrombus in the hepatic veins or IVC
17
Q

What is Budd-chiarri?

A

Stenosis or obstruction of the hepatic veins

18
Q

Where the rt renal artery passes in conjunction with IVC

A

The right renal artery courses behind (posterior to) the IVC

19
Q

The right renal artery courses behind (posterior to) the IVC

A

> 20%

20
Q

What vessel would produce a ESP?

A

Segmental renal artery

pg. 315

21
Q

Normal portal venous flow direction?

A

hepatopetal

22
Q

With TIPS, what is the stent connecting?

A

Connects the portal vein and the hepatic vein

23
Q

What percentage of individuals have the hepatic veins joined before the IVC?

A

96%

24
Q

Most common cause for portal hypertension?

A

Cirrhosis (90%)

25
Q

What percentage of pts with a ruptured aneurysm survive?

A

10-25%

26
Q

Most common cause for an aneurysm?

A

Atherosclerotic disease

27
Q

Marfan’s syndrome, what situation would you have?

A

Thoracic or ascending aortic aneurysm

Dissection

28
Q

Between the rt renal artery and the rt renal vein, which one is longer or shorter than the other?

A

The right renal artery is longer than the vein

29
Q

the vessels that extend into the renal cortex are?

A

Interlobular arteries (cortical branches) extend into the cortex. pg. 309

30
Q

(True,False) Most Portal hypertension cases are due to cirrhosis

A

True