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Anatomy and Physiology > A & P Test 2 > Flashcards

A & P Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Lysosome

A

intracellular digestion

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2
Q

Ribosome

A

protein synthesis

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3
Q

Rough ER

A

encloses proteins in vesicles for transport to Golgi Apparatus

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4
Q

Smooth ER

A

Site of lipid and steriod synthesis lipid metabolism and drug detoxification

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5
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

modifies, concentrates, packages proteins for secreation from cell

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6
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Enzymes detoxify harmful substances

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7
Q

Mitochondria

A

Produces ATP

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8
Q

Cilia

A

Move substances across cell

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9
Q

Flagella

A

Large Tail like projection that propels the cell

only in human sperm cell

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10
Q

Nucleus

A

Control center of cell genetic information

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11
Q

Microvilli

A

increase surface area of plasma membrane for absorption

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12
Q

Chromatin

A

DNA consitutes genes and proteins

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13
Q

Main Structures of the Cell

A
  • Plasma Membran
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
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14
Q

4 Facts about cell membran

A
  1. Phospholipid bylayer
  2. inside in and outside out
  3. glykokalyic - cell marker for cells to recognize each outher
  4. receptor sites
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15
Q

Cytoplasm

A

jello salad like substance between the plasma membran and nucleus where cellular activites take place

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16
Q

Gap junctions

A

communication between adhecent electrically excitable cells like the heart

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17
Q

Tight junctions

A

impermeable junction that circles the cell inside in and outside out like the digective tract

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18
Q

diffusion

A

high concentration -> low concentration

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19
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water through selectivley permeable membrane

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20
Q

Active Transport

A

requires energy (atp)

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21
Q

Cell Cycle

A

the series of changes a cell goes through from the time it is formed until it reproduces

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22
Q

Cell

A

smallest unit of life by itself

23
Q

Which organelle contains our genetic material?

A

Nucleus

24
Q

4 Organic compounds

A
  1. Lipids
  2. Proteins
  3. Carbohydrates
  4. nucleic acid
25
Q

What is the diffrence between organic and organic compounds?

A

Organic is living and contains carbon

Inorganic is dead and contains no carbon

26
Q

Carbohydrates Function

A

cellular fuel

27
Q

Proteins Function

A

basic structural material of body

28
Q

Lipids Function

A

fats source of stored energy - phospholipid bylayer

29
Q

Transcription

A

syntesis of mRNA using bas sequence of DNA

Occurs in the Nucleus

30
Q

Translation

A

Synthesis of Protein using codon sequence of mRNA to direct the amino acid sequence of protein.

Ribosome

31
Q

2 Important Things DNA is responsable for?

A
  1. Protein Syntheisis

2. Our Genetic Code

32
Q

What is our Genetic Code?

A

The sequence of amino acids in a protein determined by sequence of nucleotides in DNA.

33
Q

Where is DNA found?

A

Nucleus

34
Q

What is DNA associated with?

A

genes

35
Q

deoxyribos

A

5 carbon sugars of DNA

36
Q

Base Pairs of DNA

A

adamine>Thymine

Guanine>Cytosine

37
Q

What does DNA function with?

A

Molecular Inheritence

38
Q

Where is RNA found?

A

Cytoplasm & nucleus

39
Q

What is RNA assosiated with?

A

Combines with proteins ain ribosomes as mRNA and tNA

40
Q

ribos

A

5 carbon sugars of RNA

41
Q

Base pairs of RNA

A

Adenine-Uracil

Guanine - Cytosine

42
Q

RNA function

A

protein synthesis

43
Q

What does mRNA do?

A

nuclear DNA instrucions into the cytoplasm via transcription

44
Q

what does tRNA do?

A

carries amino acid to ribosome for protein syntheisis

45
Q

What is a protein made of?

A

amino acid

46
Q

what is a codon?

A

3 base sequence of RNA (code for amino acid)

47
Q

Nuclear Pore

A

the Door to the nucleus where everything goes in and out.

48
Q

DNA structural form in the nucleus. Why?

A

Double Helix - so it can fit

49
Q

The chemical linkage of amino acids to form a protein according to the message in the DNA molecule takes place where?

A

Ribosome

50
Q

What happens to the mRNA molecule after its done its job?

A

it is broken up an recycled

51
Q

3 things required for protein synthesis to take place?

A
  1. Gene from DNA
  2. RNA (mRNA, tRNA)
  3. Amino Acids
52
Q

Semiconservative Replication

A

End result of DNA replication is 2 DNA molecules each consisting of 1 new and 1 old strand.

53
Q

3 Subatomic Particles

A

Proton, neturon, electron

54
Q

3 Types of Chemical Bonds

A

Ionic, Covalent, Hydrogen

Anatomy and Physiology (7 decks)

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