A&P Quiz #1: Study Guide Questions from Chapters 19, 20, and 21 Flashcards Preview

xxx Term 2: BIO 202.2 Human A&P II > A&P Quiz #1: Study Guide Questions from Chapters 19, 20, and 21 > Flashcards

Flashcards in A&P Quiz #1: Study Guide Questions from Chapters 19, 20, and 21 Deck (83)
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1
Q
  1. Compared with the inside of the cell, the outside of most cell membranes is:
    a. positive.
    b. negative.
    c. equal.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. a. positive.
    p. 413

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

2
Q
  1. The difference in electrical charge across a plasma membrane is called:
    a. depolarization.
    b. membrane potential.
    c. both a and b.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. b. membrane potential.
    p. 413

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

3
Q
  1. A neuron’s resting membrane potential is:
    a. 70 mV.
    b. –70 mV.
    c. 30 mV.
    d. –30 mV.
A
  1. b. –70 mV.
    p. 413

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

4
Q
  1. Which of the following statements is true concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
    a. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every two potassium ions pumped into the neuron.
    b. Two sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every three potassium ions pumped into the neuron.
    c. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every three chloride ions pumped into the neuron.
    d. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every three potassium ions pumped into the neuron.
A
  1. a. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every two potassium ions pumped into the neuron.
    p. 414

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

5
Q
  1. During a relative refractory period:
    a. an action potential is impossible.
    b. an action potential is possible only in response to a very strong stimuli.
    c. an action potential is occurring.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. b. an action potential is possible only in response to a very strong stimuli.
    p. 417

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

6
Q
  1. Voltage-gated channels are:
    a. membrane channels that close during voltage fluctuations.
    b. ion channels that open in response to voltage fluctuations.
    c. membrane channels that are altered from an extremely high stimulus.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. b. ion channels that open in response to voltage fluctuations.
    p. 415

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

7
Q
  1. When current leaps across an insulating myelin sheath from node of Ranvier to node of Ranvier, the type of impulse conduction is:
    a. repolarization.
    b. refraction.
    c. saltatory conduction.
    d. diffusion.
A
  1. c. saltatory conduction.
    p. 418

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

8
Q
  1. The larger the diameter of a nerve fiber:
    a. the slower the speed of conduction.
    b. the faster the speed of conduction.
    c. Fiber diameter does not influence speed of conduction.
    d. the more the speed fluctuates.
A
  1. b. the faster the speed of conduction.
    p. 418

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

9
Q
  1. Which of the following structures is not a main component of a chemical synapse?
    a. synaptic knob
    b. synaptic cleft
    c. synaptic process
    d. plasma membrane of postsynaptic neuron
A
  1. c. synaptic process
    p. 419

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

10
Q
  1. A synaptic knob is located on the:
    a. synaptic cleft.
    b. axon.
    c. dendrite.
    d. cell body.
A
  1. b. axon.
    p. 419

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

11
Q
  1. Which of the following is true of spatial summation?
    a. Neurotransmitters released simultaneously from several presynaptic knobs converge on one postsynaptic neuron.
    b. Simultaneous stimulation of more than one postsynaptic neuron occurs.
    c. Impulses are fired in a rapid succession by the same neuron.
    d. Speed of impulse transmission is increased when several neurotransmitters are released.
A
  1. a. Neurotransmitters released simultaneously from several presynaptic knobs converge on one postsynaptic neuron.
    p. 422

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

12
Q
  1. Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to:
    a. presynaptic terminals.
    b. the synaptic cleft.
    c. the base of the axon.
    d. receptors on the postsynaptic terminal.
A
  1. d. receptors on the postsynaptic terminal.
    p. 424

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

13
Q
  1. The main chemical classes of neurotransmitters include all of the following except:
    a. acetylcholine.
    b. norepinephrine.
    c. amino acids.
    d. amines.
A
  1. b. norepinephrine.
    p. 425

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

14
Q
  1. Which of the following is not an example of an amine neurotransmitter?
    a. serotonin
    b. histamine
    c. glycine
    d. dopamine
A
  1. c. glycine
    p. 425

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

15
Q
  1. Severe depression can be caused by a deficit in which of the following neurotransmitters?
    a. acetylcholine
    b. amino acids
    c. amines
    d. neuropeptides
A
  1. c. amines
    p. 428

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

16
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a catecholamine?
    a. epinephrine
    b. norepinephrine
    c. dopamine
    d. serotonin
A
  1. d. serotonin
    p. 425

Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling

17
Q
  1. From superficial to deep, which is the correct order of location of the meninges?
    a. dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater
    b. pia mater, arachnoid membrane, dura mater
    c. arachnoid membrane, pia mater, dura mater
    d. dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid membrane
A
  1. a. dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater
    p. 437

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

18
Q
  1. The falx cerebri separates the:
    a. two hemispheres of the cerebellum.
    b. cerebellum from the cerebrum.
    c. two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
    d. dura mater from the arachnoid.
A
  1. c. two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
    p. 437

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

19
Q
  1. The cerebrospinal fluid resides in the:
    a. epidural space.
    b. subarachnoid space.
    c. subdural space.
    d. piarachnoid space.
A
  1. b. subarachnoid space.
    p. 439

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

20
Q
  1. The layer of the meninges that serves as the inner periosteum of the cranial bones is the:
    a. pia mater.
    b. arachnoid membrane.
    c. dura mater.
A
  1. c. dura mater.
    p. 437

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

21
Q
  1. Formation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs mainly in the:
    a. cerebral aqueduct.
    b. superior sagittal sinus.
    c. choroid plexuses.
    d. median foramen.
A
  1. c. choroid plexuses.
    p. 439

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

22
Q
  1. The lateral ventricles are located within the:
    a. cerebrum.
    b. cerebellum.
    c. spinal cord.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. a. cerebrum.
    p. 439

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

23
Q
  1. CSF is absorbed into the venous blood via the:
    a. cisterna magna.
    b. choroid plexus.
    c. falx cerebri.
    d. arachnoid villus.
A
  1. d. arachnoid villus.
    p. 440

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

24
Q
  1. CSF is not found in the:
    a. central canal.
    b. subarachnoid space.
    c. third ventricle.
    d. subdural space.
A
  1. d. subdural space.
    p. 439

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

25
Q
  1. ______ transmits impulses of crude touch and pressure
    a. lateral spinothalamic tract
    b. anterior spinothalamic tract
    c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
    d. spinocerebellar tract
A
  1. b. anterior spinothalamic tract
    p. 444

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

26
Q
  1. ______ transmits impulses of subconscious kinesthesia
    a. lateral spinothalamic tract
    b. anterior spinothalamic tract
    c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
    d. spinocerebellar tract
A
  1. d. spinocerebellar tract
    p. 444

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

27
Q
  1. ______ transmits impulses of crude touch, pain, and temperature
    a. lateral spinothalamic tract
    b. anterior spinothalamic tract
    c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
    d. spinocerebellar tract
A
  1. a. lateral spinothalamic tract
    p. 444

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

28
Q
  1. ______ transmits impulses of discriminating touch and kinesthesia
    a. lateral spinothalamic tract
    b. anterior spinothalamic tract
    c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
    d. spinocerebellar tract
A
  1. c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
    p. 444

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

29
Q
  1. ______ transmits impulses that control voluntary movement of muscles on the same side of the body
    a. lateral corticospinal tract
    b. anterior corticospinal tract
    c. reticulospinal tract
    d. tectospinal tract
    e. rubrospinal tract
A
  1. b. anterior corticospinal tract
    p. 444

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

30
Q
  1. ______ facilitates head and neck movement related to visual reflexes
    a. lateral corticospinal tract
    b. anterior corticospinal tract
    c. reticulospinal tract
    d. tectospinal tract
    e. rubrospinal tract
A
  1. d. tectospinal tract
    p. 444

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

31
Q
  1. ______ helps maintain posture during skeletal muscle movements
    a. lateral corticospinal tract
    b. anterior corticospinal tract
    c. reticulospinal tract
    d. tectospinal tract
    e. rubrospinal tract
A
  1. c. reticulospinal tract
    p. 444

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

32
Q
  1. ______ transmits impulses that control voluntary movement of muscles on the opposite side of the body
    a. lateral corticospinal tract
    b. anterior corticospinal tract
    c. reticulospinal tract
    d. tectospinal tract
    e. rubrospinal tract
A
  1. a. lateral corticospinal tract
    p. 444

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

33
Q
  1. ______ transmits impulses that coordinate body movements and maintenance of posture
    a. lateral corticospinal tract
    b. anterior corticospinal tract
    c. reticulospinal tract
    d. tectospinal tract
    e. rubrospinal tract
A
  1. e. rubrospinal tract
    p. 444

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

34
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a part of the brain stem?
    a. medulla oblongata
    b. hypothalamus
    c. pons
    d. midbrain
A
  1. b. hypothalamus
    p. 445

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

35
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a component of the midbrain?
    a. cerebral peduncles
    b. corpora quadrigemina
    c. superior colliculi
    d. all of the above are parts of the midbrain
A
  1. d. all of the above are parts of the midbrain
    p. 447

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

36
Q
  1. The internal white matter of the cerebellum is the:
    a. arbor vitae.
    b. vermis.
    c. peduncle.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. a. arbor vitae.
    p. 449

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

37
Q
  1. The part of the brain that secretes releasing hormones is the:
    a. thalamus.
    b. hypothalamus.
    c. medulla.
    d. pons.
A
  1. b. hypothalamus.
    p. 453

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

38
Q
  1. Regulation of the body’s biological clock and production of melatonin is performed by the:
    a. pons.
    b. thalamus.
    c. cerebellum.
    d. pineal body.
A
  1. d. pineal body.
    p. 454

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

39
Q
  1. The central sulcus divides the:
    a. temporal lobe and parietal lobe.
    b. cerebrum into two hemispheres.
    c. frontal lobe and parietal lobe.
    d. occipital lobe and parietal lobe.
A
  1. c. frontal lobe and parietal lobe.
    p. 454

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

40
Q
  1. The part of the cerebrum integral to consciousness is:
    a. Broca’s area.
    b. the reticular activating system.
    c. the limbic system.
    d. the insula.
A
  1. b. the reticular activating system.
    p. 460

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

41
Q
  1. Commissural tracts compose the:
    a. corpus callosum.
    b. mammillary body.
    c. hippocampus.
    d. central sulcus.
A
  1. a. corpus callosum
    p. 456

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

42
Q
  1. Emotions involve the functioning of the cerebrum’s:
    a. Broca’s area.
    b. limbic system.
    c. reticular activating system.
    d. caudate nucleus.
A
  1. b. limbic system.
    p. 461

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

43
Q
  1. The type of brain wave associated with deep sleep is:
    a. delta.
    b. beta.
    c. alpha.
    d. theta.
A
  1. a. delta.
    p. 459

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

44
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a pathway that produces sensations of touch and pressure?
    a. medial lemniscal system
    b. spinothalamic pathway
    c. rubrospinal tract
    d. all of the above are pathways that produce sensations of touch and pressure.
A
  1. c. rubrospinal tract
    p. 465

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

45
Q
  1. Axons from the anterior gray horn of the spinal cord terminate in the:
    a. cerebral cortex.
    b. sensory receptors.
    c. skeletal muscle.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. c. skeletal muscle.
    p. 466

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

46
Q
  1. Absence of reflexes is indicative of injury to:
    a. lower motor neurons.
    b. upper motor neurons.
    c. lower sensory neurons.
    d. upper sensory neurons.
A
  1. a. lower motor neurons.
    p. 468

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

47
Q
  1. ______ an inherited form of dementia in which the symptoms first appear between 30 and 40 years of age
    a. Alzheimer disease
    b. cerebrovascular accident
    c. epilepsy
    d. Huntington disease
A
  1. d. Huntington disease
    p. 470

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

48
Q
  1. ______ a hemorrhage from or cessation of blood flow to the cerebral vessels, which destroys neurons
    a. Alzheimer disease
    b. cerebrovascular accident
    c. epilepsy
    d. Huntington disease
A
  1. b. cerebrovascular accident
    p. 469

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

49
Q
  1. ______ a degenerative disease that affects memory, generally developing during the middle to late adult years and causing characteristic lesions in the cortex
    a. Alzheimer disease
    b. cerebrovascular accident
    c. epilepsy
    d. Huntington disease
A
  1. a. Alzheimer disease
    p. 469

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

50
Q
  1. _______ recurring or chronic seizure episodes involving sudden bursts of abnormal neuron activity
    a. Alzheimer disease
    b. cerebrovascular accident
    c. epilepsy
    d. Huntington disease
A
  1. c. epilepsy
    p. 470

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

51
Q
  1. The portion of the brain stem that joins the spinal cord to the brain is the:
    a. pons.
    b. cerebellum.
    c. diencephalon.
    d. hypothalamus.
    e. medulla.
A
  1. e. medulla.
    p. 446

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

52
Q
  1. Which one of the following is not a function of the brain stem?
    a. conducts sensory impulses from the spinal cord to the higher centers of the brain
    b. conducts motor impulses from the cerebrum to the spinal cord
    c. controls heartbeat, respiration, and blood vessel diameter
    d. contains centers for speech and memory
A
  1. d. contains centers for speech and memory
    p. 447

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

53
Q
  1. Which one of the following is not part of the diencephalon?
    a. cerebrum
    b. thalamus
    c. hypothalamus
    d. pineal gland
A
  1. a. cerebrum
    p. 452

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

54
Q
  1. Which one of the following parts of the brain helps in the association of sensations with emotions, as well as aiding in the arousal or alerting mechanism?
    a. pons
    b. hypothalamus
    c. cerebellum
    d. thalamus
    e. none of the above is correct
A
  1. d. thalamus
    p. 453

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

55
Q
  1. Which one of the following is not a function of the cerebrum?
    a. language
    b. consciousness
    c. memory
    d. conscious awareness of sensations
    e. all of the above are functions of the cerebrum
A
  1. e. all of the above are functions of the cerebrum
    p. 460

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

56
Q
  1. The area of the cerebrum responsible for the perception of sound lies in the ________ lobe.
    a. frontal
    b. temporal
    c. occipital
    d. parietal
A
  1. b. temporal
    p. 457

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

57
Q
  1. Visual perception is located in the ________ lobe.
    a. frontal
    b. temporal
    c. occipital
    d. parietal
A
  1. c. occipital
    p. 457

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

58
Q
  1. Which one of the following is not a function of the cerebellum?
    a. maintains equilibrium
    b. helps produce smooth, coordinated movements
    c. helps maintain normal posture
    d. associates sensations with emotions
A
  1. d. associates sensations with emotions
    p. 451

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

59
Q
  1. The largest section of the brain is the:
    a. cerebellum.
    b. pons.
    c. cerebrum.
    d. midbrain.
A
  1. c. cerebrum.
    p. 454

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

60
Q
  1. Which statement is false?
    a. The spinal cord performs two general functions.
    b. A lumbar puncture is performed to withdraw CSF.
    c. The cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory control centers are called the vital centers.
    d. The meninges end at L1 in a tapered cone called the cauda equina.
A
  1. d. The meninges end at L1 in a tapered cone called the cauda equina.
    p. 443

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

61
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?
    a. major relay station between the cerebral cortex and lower autonomic centers
    b. serves as a higher autonomic center
    c. plays an essential role in maintaining the waking state
    d. regulates voluntary motor functions
    e. part of the mechanism for regulating appetite
A
  1. d. regulates voluntary motor functions
    p. 453

Chapter 20: Central Nervous

62
Q
  1. Which of the following is an incorrect statement?
    a. There are 7 cervical nerve pairs.
    b. There are 12 thoracic nerve pairs.
    c. There are 5 lumbar nerve pairs.
    d. All of the above are correct statements.
A
  1. a. There are 7 cervical nerve pairs.
    p. 480

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

63
Q
  1. The spinal root that has a noticeable swelling is the:
    a. ventral root.
    b. anterior root.
    c. dorsal root.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. c. dorsal root.
    p. 481

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

64
Q
  1. The dorsal root ganglion contains:
    a. sensory neuron cell bodies.
    b. motor neuron cell bodies.
    c. both sensory neuron and motor neuron cell bodies.
    d. motor neuron fibers.
A
  1. a. sensory neuron cell bodies.
    pp. 481-482

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

65
Q
  1. The phrenic nerve innervates the:
    a. spleen.
    b. diaphragm.
    c. chest muscles.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. b. diaphragm.
    p. 483

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

66
Q
  1. The femoral nerve arises from the:
    a. lumbar plexus.
    b. sacral plexus.
    c. coccygeal plexus.
    d. brachial plexus.
A
  1. a. lumbar plexus.
    p. 486

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

67
Q
  1. Somatic effectors are:
    a. smooth muscle.
    b. skeletal muscle.
    c. cardiac muscle.
    d. glands.
A
  1. b. skeletal muscle.
    p. 495

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

68
Q
  1. When the outer sole of the foot is stimulated, a normal infant will extend the great toe. This is called the:
    a. Babinski reflex.
    b. plantar reflex.
    c. tendon reflex.
    d. corneal reflex.
A
  1. a. Babinski reflex.
    p. 497

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

69
Q
  1. Which is the neurotransmitter in a somatic motor pathway?
    a. acetylcholine
    b. amines
    c. amino acids
    d. neuropeptides
A
  1. a. acetylcholine
    p. 495

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

70
Q
  1. Which one of the following doesn’t have a sensory function?
    a. abducens
    b. trigeminal
    c. facial
    d. vagus
A
  1. a. abducens
    p. 489

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

71
Q
  1. Which nerve is a mixed nerve that arises from the medulla and is distributed to numerous organs?
    a. trochlear
    b. accessory
    c. hypoglossal
    d. vagus
A
  1. d. vagus
    p. 494

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

72
Q
  1. Parasympathetic innervation of the heart is assisted by the:
    a. vagus nerve.
    b. facial nerve.
    c. trigeminal nerve.
    d. glossopharyngeal nerve.
A
  1. a. vagus nerve.
    p. 494

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

73
Q
  1. Which nerve is involved in smiling and frowning?
    a. vagus
    b. trigeminal
    c. facial
    d. glossopharyngeal
A
  1. c. facial
    p. 490

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

74
Q
  1. ______ 12 pairs
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. a. cranial nerves
    p. 480

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

75
Q
  1. ______ dermatome
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. b. spinal nerves
    p. 487

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

76
Q
  1. ______ vagus
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. a. cranial nerves
    p. 494

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

77
Q
  1. ______ shingles
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. b. spinal nerves
    p. 488

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

78
Q
  1. ______ 31 pairs
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. b. spinal nerves
    p. 480

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

79
Q
  1. ______ optic
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. a. cranial nerves
    p. 489

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

80
Q
  1. ______ C1
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. b. spinal nerves
    p. 480

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

81
Q
  1. ______ plexus
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. b. spinal nerves
    p. 482

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

82
Q
  1. ______ myotome
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. b. spinal nerves
    p. 489

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System

83
Q
  1. ______ accessory
    a. cranial nerves
    b. spinal nerves
A
  1. a. cranial nerves
    p. 494

Chapter 21: Peripheral Nervous System