A&P periodic table 100 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in A&P periodic table 100 Deck (28)
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1
Q

negative feedback is when

A

the stimulus and response are different reducing the stimulus trying to come back to homeostasis

2
Q

positive feedback is when

A

response increases the effect childbirth increases until the stimulus is over

3
Q

metabolism is

A

the sum of biochemical reactions that sustain life

4
Q

catabolism is

A

breakdown of larger molecues

5
Q

responsiveness is

A

the ability to react to outside stimulus

6
Q

differentiation is

A

when a cell becomes a specialized cell

7
Q

chemistry is

A

the study of matter matter is the stuff that takes up space

8
Q

an element

A

is a type of atom

9
Q

an atom

A

is an individual unit of an element

10
Q

periodic table columns are

A

groups

11
Q

periodic table rows are

A

periods or rows determines how reactive they are

12
Q

atoms are

A

smallest fundamental units of matter

13
Q

Electron shells around the nucleus

outside shell determines

A

chemical properties

14
Q

noble gases

A

all have a full valence shell

15
Q

row 1, 2, 3, etc

A

is how many electron shells

16
Q

subatomic particles are

A

protons+
neutrons=
electrons-

17
Q

atomic #

A

amount of protons (which is equal to neutrons)

18
Q

atomic mass

A

amount of neutrons (sum of protons and neutrons)

19
Q

molecules

A

when 2 or more atoms combine O2

20
Q

compound

A

combination of 2 or more different elements H2O

21
Q

total number of electrons on valence shell

A

group roman numerals on periodic tabel

22
Q

Isotopes are

A

different amount of NEUTRONS in same element
E.g. Hydrogen (H) has 1 proton & 1 electron in its most stable form. However if it has 1 neutron, it is now called deuterium, 2 neutrons => tritium. Some isotopes are highly unstable and therefore are prone to decaying which causes radioactivity (these are then called radioactive isotopes)

23
Q

Half Life is

A

time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample of that isotope to decay into a more stable form. Some are days, others may be 1000s of years.

24
Q

free radicals are

A

atoms / molecules with an unpaired electron in its outermost shell.
E.g. Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide. These compounds are highly reactive and unstable and possess the capability to cause cellular damage

25
Q

free radical damage is when

A

“steal” electrons from other cells by a process called “oxidation” thus causing cellular damage (in medical literature, this is termed OXIDATIVE STRESS)
ANTIOXIDANTS, have an electron to donate such as vitamin E, carotene, lycopene, etc… help prevent this type of biochemical process.
 FYI – many chronic diseases are the direct result or correlated with oxidative stress. E.g. macular degeneration, arthritis, Alzheimers, cancer…..to name a few.

26
Q

ionic bonds are

A

Ionic bonds- attraction between ELEMENTS OF OPPOSITE charges when elements have lost or gained an electron. These are relatively strong when NOT in solution, but VERY weak when placed in SOLUTION.
 tends to form between a metal and a non-metal

There are 2 categories of ions:
ANION – negative charge (-‘ve) – elements that have gained electron (s)
CATION– positive charge (+’ve) .. think cats make you feel positive….. prrrrrrrrrr. – elements that have lost electron (s)
The process of gaining or losing electrons is called ionization (as in ionizing radiation

27
Q

anion

A

negative charged

28
Q

cation

A

positive charged