A&P - Chapter 25 (Part 2) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in A&P - Chapter 25 (Part 2) Deck (21)
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1
Q

What is an example of steroid hormones?

A

Lipids

2
Q

Are lipids soluble in water?

A

No

3
Q

What help lipids to travel through blood plasma?

A

Soluble plasma proteins

4
Q

What can steroid hormones easily cross?

A

The target cells phospholipid plasma membrane

5
Q

What happens after a hormone is in the cell?

A

It binds to its specific receptor found in the nucleus

6
Q

What does it form when a hormone binds to its specific receptor?

A

A hormone-receptor complex

7
Q

When is protein synthesis activated?

A

When the steroid hormone binds to the receptor in the nucleus

8
Q

What will the synthesized protein carry out?

A

The effects of the hormone

9
Q

What is a non steroidal protein hormone referred to as?

A

The first messenger

10
Q

What does the first messenger do?

A

Binds to a specific receptor in the target cells membrane

11
Q

What do first messengers lead to?

A

A chemical reaction that activates substances in the cell known as secondary messengers

12
Q

What are second messenger?

A

Are messengers that affect the cells activities

13
Q

What is a common second messenger?

A

cAMP

14
Q

What does cAMP do?

A

It acts to activate various enzymes

15
Q

What happens to the effects of the nonsteroid hormones?

A

They are amplified by the cascade of reactions involved

16
Q

What is hormone secretion controlled by?

A

Homeostatic feedback

- usually part of a negative feedback loop

17
Q

Negative feedback

A

Mechanisms that reverse the direction of a charge in a physiological system

18
Q

What is an example of negative feedback?

A

Insulin and blood sugar balance

19
Q

Positive feedback

A

Mechanisms that amplify physiological changes

20
Q

What are 2 examples of positive feedback?

A
  1. Oxytocin

2. Labour contractions

21
Q

What feedback loop is more common?

A

Negative feedback

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