A&P - Chapter 23 (Part 1) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in A&P - Chapter 23 (Part 1) Deck (26)
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1
Q

What makes is possible for the body to respond to stimuli caused by changes in our internal and external environment?

A

Sensory receptors/organs

2
Q

What is the general function of receptors?

A

Is to respond to stimuli

3
Q

How do receptors respond to a stimuli?

A

By converting stimuli to nerve impulses

4
Q

Do different types of receptors respond to different stimuli?

A

Yes

5
Q

Receptor potential

A

Is a local potential that develops in a receptors membrane when an adequate stimulus acts on a receptor

6
Q

What kind of response is a receptor potential?

A

Graded response

- graded to the strength of the stimulus

7
Q

What happens when the receptors reaches a certain threshold?

A

It triggers an action potential in the sensory neurons axon

8
Q

Where do action potentials/impulses travel?

A

Over sensory pathways to the brain and spinal cord

9
Q

What happens to impulses once they reach the brain and spinal cord?

A

They interpret the particular sensations or initiate some type of reflex action

10
Q

What is an example of a reflex? (2)

A
  1. Hitting the patella and having the leg move

2. Pulling your hand away from a hot surface

11
Q

Adaptation

A

Is a functional characteristics of receptors

12
Q

What does adaptation refer to?

A

The process that causes the receptor potential to decrease over time in response to a continuous stimulus

13
Q

What does a decrease of stimulus lead?

A

To a decrease rate of impulse conduction and a decreased intensity of sensation

14
Q

What are 5 examples special sense receptors?

A
  1. Smell
  2. Taste
  3. Vision
  4. Hearing
  5. Equilibrium
15
Q

What is an example of localized special sense receptors?

A

Taste buds on the tongue

16
Q

What is an example of complex special sense receptors? (2)

A
  1. Eyes

2. Nose

17
Q

General sense organs

A

Are microscopic receptors widely distributed throughout the body in the skin, mucosa, connective tissue, muscles, tendons, joints and viscera
- somatic senses

18
Q

How are receptors classified? (3)

A
  1. By location
  2. By stimulus detected
  3. By structure
19
Q

What are 3 examples of classification of receptors by location?

A
  1. Exteroceptors
  2. Interoceptors/visceroceptor
  3. Proprioceptors
    - special type of visceroceptor
20
Q

What are 6 examples of classification of receptors by stimulus detected?

A
  1. Mechanoreceptors
  2. Chemoreceptors
  3. Thermorecptors
  4. Nociceptors
  5. Photoreceptors
  6. Osmoreceptors
21
Q

What are 2 examples of classification of receptors by structure?

A
  1. Free nerve endings

2. Encapsulated nerve endings

22
Q

Where are exteroceptors located?

A

On/near body surfaces

23
Q

What is exteroceptors often called?

A

Cutaneous receptors

24
Q

What are 4 examples of cutaneous receptors?

A
  1. Pressure
  2. Touch
  3. Pain
  4. Temperature
25
Q

Where are interoceptors located?

A

Internally

- often within body organs/viscera

26
Q

What do visceroceptors provide the body with?

A

Information about the internal environment

- such as pressure, stretch, chemical changes, hunger and thirst

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