A&P - Chapter 13 (Part 2) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in A&P - Chapter 13 (Part 2) Deck (32)
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1
Q

What bones makes up the lower extremities? (8)

A
  1. Pelvic girdle
    - hip
  2. Femur
    - thigh
  3. Patella
    - knee
  4. Tibia
    - shin
  5. Fibula
  6. Tarsals
  7. Metatarsals
  8. Phalanges
2
Q

What make up the pelvic girdle? (2)

A
  1. Pelvic bones

2. Sacrum

3
Q

What 3 bones make up the pelvis/coxal?

A
  1. Ilium
  2. Ischium
  3. Pubis
4
Q

What does the pelvic girdle do? (2)

A
  1. Strong base to support torso

2. Connects lower extremities to axial skeleton

5
Q

What is the longest bone in the body?

A

The femur

6
Q

What does the femur connect?

A

The hip to the knee

7
Q

Where does the head of the femur join the hip?

A

At the acetabulum

8
Q

What does the distal end of the femur join with? (2)

A
  1. Tibia
  2. Fibula
  • at the knee
9
Q

What is the shin bone?

A

Tibia

10
Q

What bone is very delecate and doesnt bear weight?

A

Fibula

11
Q

Where is the tibia located?

A

More medial

12
Q

Where is the fibula located?

A

More lateral

13
Q

What is the knee cap known as?

A

The patella

14
Q

What do the tarsals make up? (3)

A
  1. Heel
  2. Back of foot
  3. Ankel
15
Q

How many tarsal bones are there?

A

7

16
Q

What is the largest tarsal bone?

A

The calcaneous

- heel bone

17
Q

How many metatarsals are there?

A

5

18
Q

How many phalanges are on the feet?

A

14

19
Q

What do the phalanges of the foot provide?

A

Strong and springy base for the body

  • compact
20
Q

Where is the most common place for a breakage in the body?

A

The head of the femur

21
Q

What is the difference between men and women’s skeleton? (2)

A
  1. Males skeleton is larger

2. Pelvic structure

22
Q

What are female pelvis’s designed for?

A

To carry and deliver babies

23
Q

What is the shape of a males pelvis?

A

Deep and narrow

24
Q

What is the shape of a females pelvis?

A

Broad and shallow

25
Q

Size of pelvic inlet/outlet on females

A

Generally wider in females

- normally large enough for a baby’s head to pass through

26
Q

Pubic angle

A

Angle between the pubic bones

27
Q

Who has a wider pubic angle?

A

Females

28
Q

When do changes in the skeleton begin?

A

At fertilization

- continue over a lifetime

29
Q

What do incomplete ossified skeleton in children provide?

A

The resiliency needed to withstand stress without breaking easily

30
Q

What do dense bone structure in young and middle adulthood permit?

A

Bearing heavy loads

31
Q

What happens in later adulthood with regards to bone density?

A

It gets reduced and makes fractures more likely

32
Q

What causes changes in posture and overall height?

A

Reduction of bone density

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