8. CP Respiratory Histology Flashcards Preview

CPR Exam 1 > 8. CP Respiratory Histology > Flashcards

Flashcards in 8. CP Respiratory Histology Deck (21)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What are the three regions of the nasal cavity?

A

Nasal Vestibule (just inside the nostrils - lined with skin)

Respiratory region (inferior 2/3 of the nasal cavities)

Olfactory region (upper 1/3)

2
Q

What differentiates olfactory mucosa from respiratory mucosa?

A

Thicker

Lack of goblet cells

3
Q

What is the function of sustentacular cells?

A

Mechanical and metabolic support to olfactory receptor cells.

4
Q

At what respiratory division do goblet cells stop being produced?

A

Broncioles (they do not have goblet cells)

5
Q

In what layer of the trachea do we find the trachealis muscle?

A

The adventitia

6
Q

What respiratory division do inhalers affect?

A

Bronchioles

Because of their prominent smooth muscle

7
Q

At what point in the respiratory division do we see clara cells and simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

Terminal Bronchioles

8
Q

What is the function of club cells?

A

Preventing airway collapse during expiration

detox inhalants

secrete antimicrobial peptides

non-cilaited dome shaped cells

9
Q

What is an alveolar ring?

A

Aggregates of smooth muscle, collagen, and elastic fibers that form rings around alveolar ducts.

10
Q
  1. Where do goblet cells stop?
  2. where do ciliated cells stop?

3, where do glands stop?

  1. shere does hyaline cartialge stop?
A
  1. terminal bronchioles
  2. respiratory bronchioles before alveolar duct
  3. after segmental bronchus
  4. after segmental bronchus
11
Q

What do goblet cells secrete?

A

mucus

mucigen granules released by exocytosis and combine with water to make the mucus

12
Q

What does the cartilaginous layer of the trachea contain?

A

C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings

13
Q

Trachea

Epithelia

Submucosa

Cartilage

Adventitia

A

psuedostratified, ciliated, columnar, goblet cells, lamina propria, BALT

glands

c-shaped cartilage

trachealis m., some glands

14
Q

Bronchi (greater than 1mm)

Epithelia

Submucosa

Muscularis

Adventitia

A

pseudostratified, columnar ciliated, less goblet cells, increased elastic fibers in LP

loose CT, few glands, full cartilage rings

continuous in larger bronchi

dense CT

15
Q

Bronchioles (less than 1mm)

Epithelia

muscularis

other:

A

large, simple ciliated columnar to small simple cuboidal, few goblet cells, club cells

prominent smooth muscle

no cartilage

16
Q

Terminal Bronchioles

epithelia

muscularis

A

simple cuboidal, club cells, increased elastic fibers

1-2 layers of smooth muscle

17
Q

Type I Pnemocytes

Type II Pneumocytes

A

flat/squamous

line entire alveolar surface

create surface for gas exchange, near capillaries

cuboidal/round

secrete surfactant

can become type I

18
Q

What are the three components that separate the air in the alveoli from the blood in the capillary?

A

type I pnemocytes

fused basal laminae

capillary endothelial cells

19
Q

What histological changes do you see in asthma?

A

thick bronchiolar epi with lots of goblet cells, thick basement membrane and hyperplastic smooth muscle cells

increased eosinophils, lymphocytes, and mast cells

20
Q

What histological changes will you see for emphesyma?

A

permanent enlargement of air spaces fistal to terminal bronchiole

significant loss of gas exchange due to decrease in SA

21
Q

What are the histological changes in pneumonia

A

inflammation of lung tissue, air spaces filled with exudate (most neutrophils, RBCs, and fibrin)

red hepatization

enlarged capillaries