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1.02) CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM > 7. MTB Step 3 - Cardiomyopathy > Flashcards

7. MTB Step 3 - Cardiomyopathy Flashcards

Cards Complete:

1
Q

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

What are the (5) Most Common Causes of Dilated Cardiomyopathy and which one is the Most Common of them all?

A
  1. ISCHEMIA (most common)
  2. Alcohol
  3. Adriamycin
  4. Radiation
  5. Chagas Disease
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2
Q

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

How does Dilated Cardiomyopathy Present (HINT: same as CHF)?

A

Shortness of Breath, particularly on exertion, in a person with ANY of the following:

  • Edema
  • Rales on lung exam
  • Ascites
  • JVD
  • S3 Gallop
  • Orthopnea
  • Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea
  • Fatigue
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3
Q

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

How is Dilated Cardiomyopathy Managed (HINT: same as CHF)?

A
  1. Morphine
  2. Oxygen
  3. Nitrates
  4. Furosemide
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4
Q

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

  1. What is the Best INITIAL Test to determine Ejection Fraction (EF) and look for Wall Motion Activity?
  2. What is the Most ACCURATE Test to determine Ejection Fraction (EF)?
A
  1. Echocardiography
  2. Nuclear Ventriculogram or MUGA
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5
Q

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

What are the (3) Medical Treatments for ALL forms of Dilated Cardiomyopathy, no matter their cause?

A
  1. ACEIs / ARBs
  2. Beta Blockers
  3. Spironolactone
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6
Q

HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY

What are (2) Presenting Signs/Symptoms of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A
  1. Shortness of Breath on Exertion
  2. S4 Gallop on Exam - a sign of LV Hypertrophy and Decreased Compliance (stiffness) of the Ventrical.
    • Does not automatically indicate the need for additional therapy.
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7
Q

HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY

What is the Best Diagnostic Test for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and what does it show?

A

Echocardiography showing a Normal EF

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8
Q

HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY

What are (2) Medications that are considered the Mainstay of Therapy for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A
  1. Beta Blockers
  2. Diuretics
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9
Q

RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY

What are (6) Common Disorders found in the History of a patient with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?

A
  1. Sarcoidosis
  2. Amyloidosis
  3. Hemochromatosis
  4. Myocardial Fibrosis
  5. Glycogen Storage Diseases
  6. Cancer
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10
Q

RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY

We know that Shortness of Breath (SOB) is the main Presenting Complaint in ALL forms of Cardiomyopathy.

What is (1) Presenting Symptom associated with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?

A

Kussmaul sign:

  • An Increase in Jugular Venous Pressure on INHALATION.
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11
Q

RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY

MANAGEMENT

  1. What Test is considered the Mainstay of Diagnosis for Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
  2. What is the single Most ACCURATE Diagnostic Test of the Etiology for Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
A
  1. Echocardiography (shows Speckled Pattern due to Amyloid)
  2. Endomyocardial Biopsy
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12
Q

RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY

MANAGEMENT

  1. What is a Common Finding on Cardiac Catheterization in a patient with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
  2. What is a Common Finding on ECG in a patient with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
A
  1. Rapid x and y Descent
  2. Low Voltage (due to Amyloid)
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13
Q

RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY

MANAGEMENT

What are the (2) Best Treatments for a patient with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?

A
  1. Diuretics
  2. Correcting Underlying Cause
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14
Q

TOKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY

What is the Description of Tokotsubo Cardiomyopathy?

A

Rare, sudden Systolic Dysfunction brought on by Extreme Emotions.

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15
Q

TOKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY

What are (2) Common Associations to look for in a patient with Tokotsubo Cardiomyopathy?

A
  1. Postmenopausal Woman
  2. Sudden Psychological Stress
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16
Q

TOKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY

What other Cardiac Condition does Tokotsubo Cardiomyopathy present like?

A

Acute Myocardial Infarction

Coronary Arteries are Normal

17
Q

TOKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY

What are (3) Medical Treatments given to a patient with Tokotsubo Cardiomyopathy?

A
  1. ACEIs
  2. Beta Blockers
  3. Diuretics

*same as with any other Ventricular Failure*

1.02) CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (22 decks)

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