6: Host infection interactions Flashcards Preview

CLASP: Sepsis 2017/18 > 6: Host infection interactions > Flashcards

Flashcards in 6: Host infection interactions Deck (23)
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1
Q

Which cells of the skin secrete antimicrobial peptides?

A

Keratinocytes

2
Q

Which glands of the skin secrete antimicrobial peptides?

A

Sebaceous glands

3
Q

What are the antigen presenting cells of the skin?

A

Langerhans cells

4
Q

What is the antibody mainly found on mucosal surfaces?

A

IgA

5
Q

What complication of chemotherapy can cause GI infection and sepsis?

A

Mucositis

6
Q

Which immune cells are mainly responsible for killing bacteria and fungi?

A

Phagocytes

macrophages, neutrophils

7
Q

A deficiency in T lymphocytes makes you susceptible to infections by which organisms?

A

Viruses

Fungi

Parasites

intracellular organisms

8
Q

Which immune cells does HIV target?

A

CD4+ T cells

9
Q

What do

a) B cells mature into
b) monocytes mature into?

A

a) Plasma cells

b) Macrophages

10
Q

Which biologic agent suppresses B cells?

A

Rituximab

11
Q

HIV infection puts you at risk of which particular infection?

It also puts you at risk of ___ infections.

A

Strep. pneumoniae

Atypical infections

12
Q

What problem with the spleen can cause infection?

A

Hyposplenism

13
Q

What are some causes of hyposplenism?

A

Splenectomy

Sickle cell, autoimmune stuff (check this)

14
Q

___ patients are more likely to have opportunistic infections.

Do they show the same signs and symptoms as normal people?

A

Immunocompromised

Noooooo

15
Q

What can be given to patients to reduce their risk of infection?

A

Prophylaxis (rarely)

Vaccination

16
Q

How does sepsis cause organ dysfunction?

A

Excessive, disordered immune response to infection

cytokines > vasodilation & leaky vessels > hypotension

17
Q

What is the cardiovascular dysfunction seen in sepsis?

Why does it occur?

A

Hypotension

Widespread vasodilation due to toxins

Rx: fluids, inotropes, vasoconstrictors

18
Q

What is the pulmonary dysfunction of sepsis?

A

Diffuse alveolar oedema (ARDS)

Leaky capillaries, lungs fill with fluid

Rx: oxygen

19
Q

What is the renal dysfunction of sepsis?

A

Acute kidney injury (AKI)

Renal hypoperfusion

20
Q

What is the hepatic dysfunction of sepsis?

A

Shock liver and jaundice due to hypoperfusion

21
Q

What is the CNS dysfunction of sepsis?

A

Confusion / delerium due to cerebral hypoperfusion and toxins

22
Q

What metabolic problem is seen in sepsis?

What causes it?

A

Lactic acidosis

Widespread hypoperfusion > anaerobic respiration > acidosis due to lactic acid buildup

23
Q

What is an organ dysfunction which can cause septic embolism?

A

Coagulopathy - increased clotting