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Flashcards in 6 Child Development Deck (22)
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1
Q

What are the 2 important processes in child development?

A

maturation

learning

2
Q

What are the 2 properties of child developement?

A

continuous

cumulative

3
Q

What are the 4 basic learning processes observed in infancy?

A

habituation
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
observational learning

4
Q

What is habituation learning?

A

what not to do

5
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A

associations, stimulating responses which would not be observed if the stimulants were isolated

6
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

learning by mistake

7
Q

What emotions are present from birth?

A

contentment
disgust
distress
interest

8
Q

What emotions develop from 2-7 months?

A
anger
fear
joy
sadness
surprise
9
Q

What emotions develop from 1-2 years?

A

embarassment
envy
guilt
pride

10
Q

What is temperament?

A

individual difference in emotional, motor, and attentional reactivity, and self-regulation

11
Q

What 2 factors contribute to the development of the self-ocncept?

A

propriotive feedback

self esteem

12
Q

What are the 4 stages of attachment?

A

pre-attachment phase (up to 3 months)
indiscriminate (up to 7 months)
discriminate (7-8 months)
multiple attachment phase

13
Q

What did Lorenz theorize regarding attachment?

A

1935 - non humans develop attachment with the first object they see (imprinting)

14
Q

What did Harlow observe with regards to attachment?

A

Rhesus monkeys chose ot spend most of their time with the cloth model over the wire one, providing comfort

15
Q

What did Bowlby theorize with regards to attachment?

A

critical time for attachment between child and mother is up to 3 years

16
Q

What are the 4 types of attachment?

A

anxious-avoidant type
secure attachment type
anxious resistance type
insecure / disorganised

17
Q

Who tend to be more aggressive?

A

popular children

18
Q

Are there differences in altruism between sexes?

A

very little, men do prefer dominance to females though

19
Q

What are the 3 components to moral development?

A

affective
cognitive
behavioural

20
Q

What did Piaget say with ragards to moral development?

A

there are different levels to moral development, children are active explorers, developing shaemas

21
Q

What did Vygotsky theorise about intellect?

A

society and culture influence intellectual growth

22
Q

What is the zone of proximal development?

A

ideal learning time