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Gross Anatomy > 5.6 Lymphatics > Flashcards

5.6 Lymphatics Flashcards

1
Q

Maxillary sinusitis can result from the spread of infection from what?

A

posterior maxillary teeth

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2
Q

What is an infection of this venous sinus, which may result from the spread of a dental infection?

A

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

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3
Q

What does the occipital scalp drain into?

A

occipital nodes

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4
Q

What does the parietal scalp drain into?

A

mastoid or superficial parotid nodes

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5
Q

What drains the lateral face?

A

parotid nodes

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6
Q

What drains the mid portion of the face?

A

facial nodes

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7
Q

Where are superficial facial nodes located?

A

along facial vessels

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8
Q

Where are the deep facial nodes located?

A

along maxillary artery in IFT

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9
Q

What drains the chin, medial lower lip, lower incisors and gingiva, tip of tongue?

A

submental nodes

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10
Q

What do the submental nodes drain into?

A

submandibular nodes or deep cervical lymph nodes

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11
Q

What drains the lower eyelids, nose, check, maxillary sinus, upper lip, palate, sublingual and submandibular glands, body of tongue, all maxillary teeth except 3rd molars, all mandibular teeth except incisors?

A

Submandibular nodes

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12
Q

What doe submandibular nodes empty into?

A

deep cervical nodes

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13
Q

Where are the anterior superficial cervical nodes (anterior jugular chain) located?

A

along anterior jugular vein, superficial to infra hyoid mm.

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14
Q

What drains the skin and muscles of infra hyoid region of the neck?

A

Anterior jugular chain

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15
Q

What drains the trachea, larynx, and thyroid?

A

Deep anterior cervical nodes (juxtavisceral)

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16
Q

What is one of the pre laryngeal lymph nodes, where enlargement indicated thyroid disease?

A

Delphian node

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17
Q

What nodes are located in the buccopharyngeal fascia posterior to pharynx at the level of the atlas?

A

retropharyngeal nodes

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18
Q

What nodes primarily drain the nasal cavity and paranasal air sinuses, hard and soft palate, nasopharynx, posterior tongue?

A

Retropharyngeal nodes

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19
Q

What nodes are located along the EJV, superficial to SCM?

A

superficial lateral cervical nodes (cervical chain)

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20
Q

What drains the lower ear and parotid region?

A

superficial lateral cervical nodes (cervical chain)

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21
Q

What lymph node group receives all lymph from head and neck?

A

Internal jugular (deep cervical) chain

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22
Q

Where are the superior deep cervical chain nodes located?

A

surround IJV superior to omohyoid

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23
Q

What is the most superior of the superior deep chain cervical nodes?

A

jugulodigastric (tonsillar) node

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24
Q

What do the inferior deep cervical chain nodes drain?

A

superior deep cervical chain, anterior cervical and transverse cervical nodes

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25
Q

Where does most lymph from the tongue drain either directly or indirectly?

A

jugulo-omohyoid node (part of inferior deep cervical chain)

26
Q

What does the superficial fascia of the head and face surround?

A

muscles of facial expression and their neurovasuclar supply

27
Q

What are the attachments of the deep fascia of the head and face?

A

extends from the hyoid bone superiorly to the mandible and zygomatic arch

28
Q

What structures does the deep fascia of the head and face cover?

A

muscles forming the floor of the mouth and the submandibular gland as a capsule

29
Q

What does the splitting of the deep fascia of the head and face create?

A

parotid fascia

30
Q

What contains fat, lymph nodes, muscles of facial expression, facial a/v, infraorbital a/v/n, mental a/v/n, and branches of CN VII?

A

superficial fascial spaces

31
Q

Where is the buccal space located?

A

between buccinators and skin of the face

32
Q

What is the typical source of infection to the buccal space?

A

maxillary and mandibular molars and premolars

33
Q

Where does the buccal space communicate to?

A

canine space, masticator, parapharyngeal spaces

34
Q

What are the typical symptoms of a buccal space infection?

A

large, tender swelling of cheek, may extend from phylum of lip to parotid region and superiorly to eye and eyelids

35
Q

What is the typical source of infection to the canine space?

A

maxillary canine

36
Q

Where does the canine space communicate to?

A

buccal space, cavernous sinus

37
Q

What is the typical symptoms of infection to the canine space?

A

firm or fluctuant mass along lateral border of nose (obliteration of nasolabial fold) may extend up to medial angle of eye and periorbital area

38
Q

Odontogenic infection is the most common pathologic condition to affect what space?

A

masticator space

39
Q

What are the contents of the masticator space? (7)

A

mandibular ramus, TMJ, muscles of mastication, CN V3 and br., maxillary a. and br., pterygoid venous plexus, chorda tympani n.

40
Q

What separates the masticator space posteriorly from the parotid region?

A

stylomandibular ligament

41
Q

What are the typical sources of infection to the masticator space?

A

mandibular 3rd molars, followed in frequency by more anterior molars and bicuspids

42
Q

What are the typical symptoms of a masticator space infection?

A

facial swelling, pain, muscle trismus

43
Q

Infection from the masticator space can spread to the parapharyngeal space to invoke the ….

A

lateral oropharynx leading to airway compromise

44
Q

Osteomyelitis of the mandible has been described as both a precursor to and a result of soft tissue infection in what space?

A

masticator

45
Q

What are the contents of the sublingual space? (6)

A

sublingual gland, submandibular duct, deep portion of submandibular gland, lingual a/n/v, hypoglossal n., submandibular ganglion,

46
Q

What is the typical source of infection of the sublingual space?

A

apices of 1st mandibular molars or premolars

47
Q

What are the typical communications with the sublingual space?

A

submandibular, masticator, and parapharyngeal

48
Q

What are the typical symptoms of a sublingual space infection?

A

elevated tongue with decreased mobility, swollen floor of the mouth, dysphagia

49
Q

What are the contents of the submandibular space? (6)

A

submandibular gland, lymph nodes, hypoglossal n., n. to mylohyoid, facial a/v, ant. belly digastric m.

50
Q

What is the typical source of infection to the submandibular space?

A

apices of 2nd and 3rd mandibular molars

51
Q

What spaces are the major communications to the submandibular space?

A

sublingual and parapharyngeal

52
Q

What are the symptoms of a submandibular space infection?

A

firm, painful swelling in submandibular region, dysphagia

53
Q

What are the typical sources of infection to the submental space?

A

mandibular anteriors (incisors)

54
Q

What are the typical communications to the submental spaces?

A

submandibular spaces on either side

55
Q

What are the typical symptoms of a submental space infection?

A

hard midline swelling under chin

56
Q

Ludwig’s Angina is typically the result of infections from what teeth?

A

2nd and 3rd mandibular molars

57
Q

What are the 4 criteria of Ludwigs Angina?

A

(1) involves both the sublingual and submandibular spaces
(2) presence of gangrene or seroganguinous phlegm, but no pus
(3) Involves CT, muscle, and fascia but spares glandular tissue
(4) spread by contiguity of spaces not lymphatics

58
Q

What are the typical sources of infection to the parapharyngeal space?

A

maxillary and mandibular molars

59
Q

What are the typical symptoms of a parapharyngeal space infection?

A

pain and muscle truisms, swollen soft palate with deviated uvula, dysphagia, inability to palpate angle of mandible

60
Q

The parapharyngeal space is the most frequently infected secondary space from what 5 primary areas?

A

masticator space, teeth, tongue, salivary glands, and tonsillar region

61
Q

Where do infections from the parapharyngeal space spread?

A

retropharyngeal space –> mediastinum

62
Q

What is the primary route of infection from head and neck into “danger space” and subsequently into the mediastinum?

A

retropharyngeal space

Gross Anatomy (25 decks)

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