4.2 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 4.2 Deck (16)
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1
Q

Biodiversity at different levels

A

Habitat biodiversity
Species biodiversity
Genetic biodiversity

2
Q

How is sampling used in measuring biodiversity

A

It is faster

Area species repeat estimate

3
Q

Non-Random sampling: systematic

A

samples are taken at fixed intervals

4
Q

Simpson’s Index of Diversity

A

D = 1 - (∑(n/N)^2)

5
Q

How does human population growth affect biodiversity

A

Habitat loss - decreases habitat diversity
Over-exploitation - resources used up faster than they can be replenished, can decrease genetic diversity + species diversity
Urbanisation - genetic diversity decreased
Pollution - decreased biodiversity

6
Q

How does increased use of monoculture in agriculture affect biodiversity

A

Habitats are lost as land is cleared - reduced habitat biodiversity
Plants are destroyed reducing species diversity
Heritage varieties are lost - reduces species diversity

7
Q

How does climate change affect biodiversity

A

Species may have to migrate
Areas may become uninhabitable
Changing species distribution + biodiversity

8
Q

Ecological reasons for maintaining biodiversity

A

Protecting keystone species •(could change an ecosystem + food chain)
Maintain genetic resources
•Food drink drugs
•Fuel clothes materials chemicals

9
Q

Economic reasons for maintaining biodiversity

A
Reduce soil depletion
•Monoculture causes soil depletion + decreases yield 
AESTHETIC 
•Visitors = Money
•looks nice - protect landscapes
10
Q

In Situ Conservation

A

Carrying out active management to maintain the biodiversity in the natural environment
E.g marine conservation zones
Wildlife reserves

11
Q

Ex Situ Conservation

A

Conservation outside the normal habitat of the species
E.g seed banks
Botanic gardens
Zoos

12
Q

CITES

A

Illegal 2 kill certain species + regulates trade

13
Q

CBD

A

How 2 use animals + plants sustainably

14
Q

CSS

A

Pay ppl 2 manage plants (England)

15
Q

Non-random sampling: opportunistic

A

samples are chosen by the investigator

16
Q

Non-random sampling: stratified

A

different areas identified + sampled separately in proportion to their part of the habitat as a whole