4.1.2- Transmission Of Pathogens Flashcards Preview

Biology AS- Chapter 4.1- Communicable Diseases > 4.1.2- Transmission Of Pathogens > Flashcards

Flashcards in 4.1.2- Transmission Of Pathogens Deck (18)
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1
Q

What are the two types of transmission of a pathogen?

A

Direct and indirect transmission.

2
Q

Define direct transmission.

A

Passing a pathogen from a just to a new host, without the use of an intermediate.

3
Q

Define indirect transmission.

A

Passing a pathogen from a host to a new host, with the use of a vector.

4
Q

What is a vector?

A

An organism that carries a pathogen from one host to another.

5
Q

Define ‘transmission’ in terms of pathogens.

A

Passing a pathogen from an infected individual to an uninflected individual.

6
Q

List six social factors that can affect pathogenic transmission.

A
  • poor ventilation
  • poor health
  • poor diet
  • homelessness
  • overcrowding
  • being around migrants from where disease is more common
7
Q

What are the four ways a pathogen can be transmitted?

A

Droplet infection
Direct physical contact
Transmission by spores
Faecal- oral transmission

8
Q

Give some examples of how a pathogen can be transmitted via direct physical contact.

A

Touching a person who is infected or touching a contaminated surface that has the pathogens- eg; HIV/ Ringworm

9
Q

Explain how faecal- oral transmission of a pathogen could happen.

A

Usually by eating food or drinking water with the contaminated pathogen- eg; cholera/ food poisoning

10
Q

Explain how a pathogen can be transmitted by droplet infection.

A

Pathogen is carried by water grope led in the air- eg; TB/ influenza

11
Q

Explain how a pathogen can be transmitted via a spore.

A

Spores are the resistant stage of the pathogen- they can be castles in the air or reside on soil surfaces- eg; anthrax/ tetanus.

12
Q

Explain an example of a vector.

A

Mosquitoes are the vectors of the Malaria protoctist parasite ‘Plasmodium’.

13
Q

Explain how a plant pathogen can be indirectly transmitted.

A

Occurs as a result of an insect attack- bacteria spores get attacked to the insect and when it attacks another plant, the pathogen is transmitted to it.

14
Q

What are the two ways plant pathogens can be directly transmitted?

A
  • pathogens from the soil enter the roots

* fungi produce spores and they can be carried in the wind- airborne transmission

15
Q

In _________ and __________ conditions, pathogens grow and reproduce faster.

A

Warmer and moist.

16
Q

Explain how the climate can affect a pahoehoe.

A

The Warmer and more moist a climate, the faster the pathogens reproduce and Grow.

17
Q

In a warmer climate, you are more likely to…

A

Get infected by a pathogen.

18
Q

How many steps are involved in the life cycle of a pathogen?

A
  • Transmission of the pathogen from one host to another
  • Entering host tissues
  • pathogen reproduces
  • leaves the hosts tissues