4/24- Respiratory System Cont (Exam 4) Flashcards Preview

A & P 2 LECTURE > 4/24- Respiratory System Cont (Exam 4) > Flashcards

Flashcards in 4/24- Respiratory System Cont (Exam 4) Deck (24)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What is respiratory minute volume? (VE)

A

The volume of air that moves in and out of your lungs over the course of a minute

2
Q

What is the tidal volume? VT

A

Volume of air that moves in and out of your lungs each time you take a breath

3
Q

What is the respiratory rate? f

A

Number of breathes you take in a minute

4
Q

What is the formula for the respiratory minute volume?

A

VE = respiratory rate (f) x tidal volume (VT)

5
Q

What is the anatomic dead space?

A

Most of air is filling conducting zone

Tiny amount actually gets into the alveoli

No gas exchange

6
Q

What is VD?

A

Volume filling the anatomic dead space

7
Q

What alveolar ventilation? VA

A

Volume of useful air that moves in and out of the lungs over the course of a minute

Reaches respiratory surfaces

8
Q

What is the formula for alveolar ventilation?

A

VA = f x (VT-VD)

9
Q

What is oxyhemoglobin?

A

Hemoglobin carrying oxygen

99%

10
Q

What is carbaminohemoglobin?

A

Hemoglobin carrying CO2

25%

11
Q

What is the hemoglobin saturation?

A

Percent of heme groups carrying O2

12
Q

What are the 4 things affecting the hemoglobin saturation?

A

1) concentration of O2 in the blood
2) pH of the blood
3) temperature of the blood
4) metabolic activity of RBC’s

13
Q

What is the oxygen- hemoglobin saturation curve or the oxygen- hemoglobin dissociation curve?

A

How much O2 hemoglobin can carry

14
Q

What happens to hemoglobin when it binds to a molecule of O2?

A

Each time the Hb changes shape and it’s easier to bind to O2

15
Q

When there is a small change in PO2 what kind of change is there in the percent of saturation?

A

Big change

16
Q

How does pH affect Hb?

A

How much O2 can be carried

17
Q

How is carbonic acid formed?

A

In capillary beds the pH becomes more acidic because we pick up CO2 and when CO2 enters the plasma (H2O) they combine

18
Q

What is the Bohr effect?

A

Change in pH that causes Hb to change shape that causes the Hb O2 saturation curve to shift slightly to the right

19
Q

What is the physiological significance if pH changing?

A

Blood is traveling through capillary bed

Hb will release O2

Exactly what needs to be done

20
Q

What happens when the temp gets warmer?

A

Hb will not be able to carry as much O2

Happens in capillary bed

21
Q

What are 2 ways CO2 can be carried in the blood?

A

1) dissolved in the plasma (7%)
2) bound to Hb (25%)
3) carbonic acid or bicarbonate (majority)

22
Q

What happens if the body is too acidic?

A

Moves to the left

Too many H+ ions

23
Q

What happens if the body is too basic?

A

Moves to the right

Not enough H+ ions

24
Q

Where does CO2 exit in the lungs?

A

To alveolus