3.4 Animal Welfare Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 3.4 Animal Welfare Deck (21)
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1
Q

REMEMBER!

A

intensive farming is necessary to meet the food demands of ever increasing human population

2
Q

What are the five freedoms based on?

A

three principles; living a natural life, being fit and healthy and being happy

3
Q

What are the five freedoms?

A
freedom from thirst and hunger 
freedom from discomfort 
freedom from pain, injury and disease
freedom to express normal behaviour
freedom from fear and distress
4
Q

what are the costs of good animal welfare?

A

increased costs to the farmer of free range

farming methods due to requirement for more straw, food, space and labour

5
Q

what are the benefits of good animal welfare?

A

higher yield and quality of products

greater breeding success and effective parenting improved nutritional value of food products

6
Q

what is the ethical impact of good animal welfare?

A

better quality of life for animals

less stress due to overcrowding

7
Q

what are the costs of poor animal welfare?

A

Lower yield and quality of products such as meat, eggs, milk and wool
reduced breeding success and rejection of young
lowered nutritional values of product
animals more susceptible to disease

8
Q

what are the benefits of poor animal welfare?

A

cheaper products

9
Q

what are the ethical impacts of poor animal welfare?

A

poorer quality of life for animals
limited opportunities to display natural behaviour and increased likelihood of abnormal behaviour such as tail biting, cannibalism and feather pecking
farmers may carry out invasive procedures such as castration, ear notching or beak trimming

10
Q

What are indicators of animal stress?

A

stereotypy
misdirected behaviour
failed sexual/ parental behaviour
altered levels of activity

11
Q

What is stereotypy?

A

repetitive behaviour patterns are observed

e.g. animal pacing too and fro in a cage

12
Q

What is misdirected behaviour?

A

A normal behaviour such as preening feathers in birds, is directed against the animal itself, leading to excessive preening and pulling out of feathers.

13
Q

What is failed sexual/ parental behaviour?

A

animal stress as a result of isolation or living in a poor environment can inhibit reproductive behaviour
young produced under these conditions may be rejected by the parent

14
Q

what is altered levels of activity?

A

animals suffering from stress may be recognised by excessive levels of activity in the form of hyper-aggression or excessive sleeping

15
Q

REMEMBER!

A

intensive battery farming is a practice whereby animals are reared in restricted space usually indoors.

16
Q

What is ethology?

A

ethology is the study of animal behaviour especially that which occurs in animals natural or semi natural environment
the natural habitat of a pig is woodland and the equivalent semi natural environment would be an enclosed area of woodland
however on intensive farms pigs are kept inside straw lined pens or sheds

17
Q

What is an ethogram?

A

an ethogram is a list of typical species behaviours, including individual, pair and group behaviour

information on the frequency and duration of the behaviours is collected by observation
when an ethogram is analysed, hypotheses can be made and these can be tested by investigation
this allows the most favourable environments for different species of domesticated animals to be identified

18
Q

What is a preference test?

A

a preference test is an experiment set up to provide information on which one of two experimental conditions an animal will choose

an animal may be presented with a choice of food or bedding types, or different areas of living space

19
Q

what is motivation?

A

motivation is the incentive to carry out a specific behaviour.
the strength of motivation may be measured in conjunction with preference testing

20
Q

What is anthropomorphism?

A

anthropomorphism is the attribution of human characteristics and qualities to non-human beings, including animals

21
Q

TOP TIP

A

measurement of behaviour

frequency - number of times a behaviour occurs during a set period of time
duration - the time each observed incidence of a specific behaviour lasts
latency - the time measured between a stimulus being applied and a behavioural response