3.3 Slope processes Flashcards

1
Q

Mass movement

A

Downslope movement of rock and weathered debris by gravity alone.

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2
Q

Regolith

A

The surface cover of loose, unconsolidated material including alluvium, glacial deposits, and peat.

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3
Q

Soil creep

A

Slow, downslope movement of unconsolidated material.

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4
Q

Heave

A

The downslope movement of material due to freezing and thawing.

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5
Q

Solifluction

A

Accelerated soil creep that occurs in permafrost areas, even on gentle slopes.

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6
Q

Plastic flow

A

The way solids can deform in a ductile manner under stresses such as gravity.

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7
Q

Terracettes

A

Small ridges, caused by soil creep, running across slopes.

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8
Q

Lahar

A

A mudflow on the slopes of active volcanoes when ash mixes with water from torrential rainstorms.

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9
Q

Shear stress

A

The force acting to cause movement

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10
Q

Shear strength

A

The resistance of a body of rock to gravity

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11
Q

Bedding plane

A

The surface that separates each successive layer of a stratified rock from its preceding layer

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12
Q

Planar slide

A

Weathered rock moves downhill leaving behind it a flat rupture surface.

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13
Q

Rotational slide

A

Rock moves downwards and a curved rupture surface is produced.

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14
Q

Sheet erosion

A

Removal of soil or sediment from the ground surface in a roughly uniform layer.

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15
Q

Sheet-wash

A

Removal of soil from a wide area by a thin sheet of water moving over a gentle slope.

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16
Q

Rills

A

A fine network of channels in the land surface.

17
Q

Shearing

A

Stresses which slide past each other.