3.2 Energy in ecosystems Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 3.2 Energy in ecosystems Deck (23)
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1
Q

What is an omnivore?

A

An organism that eats both plants and animals

2
Q

What is a carnivore?

A

An organism that only eats animals

3
Q

What is a consumer?

A

An organism which consumes other organisms for food

4
Q

What is a pyramid of energy?

A

A diagram of the total energy contained within each stage of the food chain. They are always pyramid shaped

5
Q

What resources do plants compete for?

A
  • light
  • water
  • space
6
Q

What resources do animals compete for?

A
  • food
  • water
  • shelter
  • mates
7
Q

Which is interspecific competition?

A

when competition occurs between organisms of different species

8
Q

What is intraspecific competition?

A

When competition occurs between organisms of the same species. It is more intense than interspecific competition as organisms are competing for exactly the same resources

9
Q

How can energy be passes onto the next stage in the food chain?

A

growth

10
Q

What is prey?

A

An organism that is hunted by a predator/another animal

11
Q

How can energy be lost in a food chain?

A
  • heat
  • movement
  • undigested materials
12
Q

How much energy. is lost at each stage in the food chain

A

90%

13
Q

What may intense competition result in?

A

death of an organism or being forced to leave the ecosystem

14
Q

What is the definition of ecosystem?

A

All the organisms living in an environment and the non-living components with which the organisms interact. There is a limited supply of nutrients in any ecosystem.

15
Q

What is a producer?

A

an organism which produces its own food via photosynthesis

16
Q

What is the role of a secondary consumer?

A

a secondary consumer is an animal that eats primary consumers

17
Q

What is the role of a primary consumer?

A

An organism that eats the producers

18
Q

What is a pyramid of numbers?

A

A diagram of the total number of organisms at each stage of a food chain. The size of each organism increases as you move up the food chain. The numbers of each organism decreases as you move up the food chain (most of the time)

19
Q

Name an alternative to fertiliser and why it can be used

A

peas and clovers-they contain bacteria in their root nodules that can convert nitrogen gas to nitrates

20
Q

What is a predator?

A

an organism that hunts prey/other animals

21
Q

Name what plants and animals require to produce proteins

A

nitrogen

22
Q

When does competition occur?

A

when resources are in short supply

23
Q

What is a herbivore?

A

an organism that only eats plants