3.1 Thermal Concepts Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 3.1 Thermal Concepts Deck (13)
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1
Q

Definition of temperature

A

Measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system

2
Q

Kelvin to Celsius

A

K = Celsius + 273

3
Q

Definition of heat

A

The energy that is transferred from one substance to another as a result of a difference in temperature

4
Q

Total internal energy consists of

A

The sum of the kinetic and potential energy of a particle

5
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Either the movement of a molecule, the rotation of a molecule, or the vibration of a molecule

6
Q

Potential energy

A

The potential energy created due to inter-molecular forces (if pulling molecules apart, more potential energy since more desire to go back to original)

7
Q

Definition of thermal/heat capacity (C)

A

Energy required to raise the temperature of a system by 1K

8
Q

Thermal/heat capacity formula

A

Q = C(dT) in J/K

9
Q

Definition of specific heat capacity (c)

A

Energy required to raise a unit mass of a substance by 1K

10
Q

Specific heat capacity formula

A

Q = mc(dT) in J/kgK

11
Q

Types of phase changes

A

Melting - Solid to liquid
Freezing - Liquid to solid
Vaporisation - Liquid to gas
Condensation - Gas to liquid

12
Q

Definition of specific latent heat

A

The amount of energy required to change the phase of a unit mass at a constant temperature

13
Q

Specific latent heat formula

A

Q = mL where if freezing/melting, L is Lf and if boiling or condensing, L is Lv