3.1 Introduction to organic Flashcards Preview

Chemistry AS 2015-16 > 3.1 Introduction to organic > Flashcards

Flashcards in 3.1 Introduction to organic Deck (28)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What is the homologous series?

A

A family of organic compounds with the same functional group, but different carbon chain lengths.

2
Q

In reaction mechanisms, how is the movement of a lone pair shown?

A

With a curly arrow, that starts from the lone pair of electrons and moves towards a positively charged area of a molecule to form a new bond.

3
Q

What is the IUPAC name for CH3CHCHCH(CH3)CH3?

A

2-Methylpent-2-ene

4
Q

What functional group does a carboxylic acid have?

A

C=O

C-OH

5
Q

What are the three sub-divisions of structural isomers?

A

Positional isomerism
Functional group isomerism
Chain isomerism

6
Q

What does E-Z isomerism tell us?

A

The positions of substituents at either side of a C=C bond.

7
Q

In E-Z isomerism, if the two substituents are on the same side of the bond are they Z (cis) or E (trans)?

A

Z (cis)

8
Q

Can the Chlorine in chloroethene be rotated around the bond?

A

No, as rotation cannot occur round a double bond.

9
Q

Why is carbon able to form rings and chains?

A

Can form 4 bonds

C-C bonds are strong and non-polar.

10
Q

Why is the IUPAC name for CHClBrCH2CH2CH3?

A

1-chloro-1-bromo-butane

11
Q

What is the functional group for alcohol?

A

C-OH

12
Q

What is the difference between displayed formula and structural formula?

A

Displayed formula shows every bond in a molecule, structural doesn’t.

13
Q

What is the structural formula of 2-methypropane?

A

CH3CH(CH3)CH3

14
Q

What does each line on a skeletal formula represent?

A

A carbon - carbon bond

15
Q

What is the suffix for a ketone?

A

-one

16
Q

What is a structural isomer?

A

Where two molecules have the same molecular formula but a different structural formula.

17
Q

What is a stereoisomer?

A

When compounds have the same structural formula but different arrangement of bonds in space?

18
Q

What prevents a Z-isomer changing into an E-isomer

A

The double bond cannot rotate

19
Q

Which functional group takes priority when naming?

A

Acids (then aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, alkenes and halogens in that order)

20
Q

How do you represent the molecular formula of an aldehyde functional group

A

CHO

always the H first.

21
Q

What’s the functional group isomer for alcohols?

A

Ethers

22
Q

What’s the functional group isomer for ketones?

A

Aldehydes

23
Q

What’s the functional group isomer for carboxylic acids?

A

Esters

24
Q

What is the relative atomic mass of an atom?

A

The ratio of the average mass of one atom of an element compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

25
Q

What does skeletal formula represent

A

The molecular formula and molecular geometry of an atom, represented by the carbon atoms and functional groups of the atom.

26
Q

What is the difference between an amine and an amide functional group?

A

An amine functional group is just -NH2, where as an amide functional group is =O
-NH2

27
Q

What are the prefixes for the number of carbon atoms in one atom of an element?

A
Prefix      Number of carbons in the molecule         
Meth            1
Eth               2
Prop             3
But               4
Pent             5
Hex              6
28
Q

What is a free radical?

A

An uncharged molecule that has an unpaired electron