3 - Male Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

11 components of male repro system?

A
  • penis
  • bulbourethral glands
  • ductus deferens
  • bladder
  • ureter
  • seminal vesicle
  • prostate gland
  • urethra
  • epididymis
  • testis
  • glans penis
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2
Q

what creates semen?

A

seminal vesicles and prostate

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3
Q

describe journey of sperm?

A

produced in testes, travels through vas deferens to reach urethra

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4
Q

describe journey of semen?

A

semen in produced by seminal vesicles and prostate glands and into urethra

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5
Q

structure of testis - name 3 parts?

A

epididymis
tunica albuginea
seminiferous tubules

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6
Q

what is tunica albuginea?

A

fibrous capsule surrounding testes and divides testes into lobules

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7
Q

where is sperm produced?

A

seminiferous tubules

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8
Q

name 3 parts of epididymis?

A

head
body
tail

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9
Q

2 functions of testes?

A

sperm production

testosterone production

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10
Q

what is the average time from production to ejaculation for sperm?

A

64 days

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11
Q

function of testosterone in males?

A

male 2y sexual characteristics

controls spermatogenesis

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12
Q

3 types of cells in seminiferous tubules?

A

germ
interstitial
sertoli

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13
Q

function of germ cells?

A

produce sperm

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14
Q

function of sertoli cells?

A

supports germ cells

produces inhibin

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15
Q

function of interstitial cells?

A

produce testosterone

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16
Q

function of pituitary hormones?

A

FSH and LH -

stimulates spermatogenesis and testosterone secretion

17
Q

function of testosterone and inhibin?

A

inhibits secretion of GnRH and FSH+LH

18
Q

+ve feedback in males?

A

Leydig cells in testes

19
Q

-ve feedback in males?

A

testosterone and inhibin -

both act on anterior pituitary, testosterone acts on hypothalamus also

20
Q

describe 2 stages of spermatogenesis?

A

1) spermacytogenesis

2) spermiogenesis

21
Q

when does spermatogenesis begin?

A

@ puberty

22
Q

2 factors affecting spermatogenesis?

A

medical

lifestyle

23
Q

give 3 examples of pre-testicular medical reasons for male infertility?

A

excessive weight gain/loss

prolactinoma

Kallmann’s syndrome

24
Q

give 3 examples of testicular medical reasons for male infertility?

A

STIs

Mumps orchitis

testicular torsion/ trauma

25
Q

give 4 examples of lifestyle reasons for male infertility?

A

smoking

persistent pollutants (DDT, PCB)

occupational environment

obesity

26
Q

management of infertility - improve lifestyle tips?

A

BMI control

smoking cessation

decrease alcohol intake

diet

exercise

27
Q

management of infertility - other tips?

A

optimise underlying conditions

decrease STI risk (treat promptly if diagnosed)

fertility preservation - sperm freezing