2nd Quiz (Measurements) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 2nd Quiz (Measurements) Deck (19)
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1
Q

Conceptualization

A
  1. The process of specifying what we mean by a term
  2. Some concepts are straight forward
  3. Can find definitions from dictionary
2
Q

Operationalization

A
Process of connecting concepts to observation
Includes:
1. Measure
2. Method of data collection
3. Scoring information
4. Interpretation of the scores
3
Q

Nominal measurement

Additional

A
  1. Value: Just “name”
  2. No mathematical interpretation
    Ex: gender, ethnicity
    Lowest level of measure
4
Q

Ordinal measurement

Additional

A
  1. Rank-ordered
  2. Interval between values don’t have meaning
    Ex: 1. low 2. medium 3. high
5
Q

Interval Measurement

A
  1. Same distance between values
  2. No absolute 0
    Ex: Temperature
6
Q

Ratio Measurement

A
  1. Has absolut 0

2. Highest level of measure

7
Q

Reliability

(Additional)

A

Consistency of measurement

8
Q

Types of Reliability

A
  1. Internal consistency
  2. Test-retest reliability
  3. Alternative-form reliability
  4. Inter-rater reliability
9
Q

Validity

A

Accuracy of a measurement

- Scale’s ability to measure what is design to measure

10
Q

Types of Validity

A
  1. Face validity
  2. Content validity
  3. Criterion validity
  4. Construct validity
11
Q

Construct Validity

A

Degree to which a measurement measures a similar concept or a different concept

12
Q

Types of Construct Validity

A
  1. Convergent Validity

2. Discriminant Validity

13
Q

Single Indicator

A
  • Single item question
  • Low reliability and validity
  • Can’t calculate consistency reliability for a single item measure
14
Q

Scale Indicator

A

Combination of set of items

-Better reliability and validity than Single Indicator

15
Q

Face Validity

A

Lowes level of validity

16
Q

Systematic Error

A
  1. Systematic error = Bias
  2. Affects average performance for the entire group
  3. Predictable
    Ex: Construction on building/Everybody’s exam score goes down
17
Q

Random Error

A
  1. Does not affect average performance for the group
  2. Unpredictable
  3. Can’t be controlled
    Ex: You feel bad today. Your exam score goes down, the rest of the class does not.
18
Q

Cronbach’s alpha

A
  • Measure to consider acceptable internal consistency reliability should be >.7
19
Q

Ways to reduce measurement errors

A
  • Pilot: test the instrument you are going to use to measure
  • Triangulate: Use different ways of measure (Exam, Paper, Presentation)
  • Train Interviewers or observers
  • Use unobtrusive measurements