A liver-specific enzyme that can be used to evaluate liver function in horses is a sorbitol dehydrogenase b amylase c lipase d creatine kinase
sorbitol dehydrogenase
A/G ratio refers to
a alpha/gamma proteins
b albumin/glucose
c albumin/globulin
d ALT/GGT
Albumin/globulin
The enzyme that can be used to evaluate muscular damage is
a sorbitol dehydrogenase
b amylase
c lipase
d creatine kinase
creatine kinase
For which of the following animals would bile acid testing not be useful
a horse
b cow
c dog
d cat
cow
The most commonly used tests of kidney function in dogs are
a AST and ALT
b amylase and lipase
c BUN and creatinine
d sodium and potassium
BUN and creatinine
A by-product of muscle metabolism that may be used to evaluate kidney function is
a inorganic phosphorus
b uric acid
c creatine kinase
d creatinine
creatinine
A useful test to detect ketoacidosis is
a trypsin
b glucagon tolerance
c B-hydroxy-butyrate
d insulin/glucose ratio
B-hydroxy-butyrate
The primary extracellular cation commonly measured in veterinary species is
a calcium
b potassium
c sodium
d bicarbonate
sodium
The primary intracellular cation commonly measured in veterinary species is
a calcium
b potassium
c sodium
d bicarbonate
potassium
The routine chemistry panes is typically run on
a plasma
b mucus swab samples
c serum
d urine first; then blood
serum
Serial sampling with a chemistry panel is not a direct measure of
a progression of disease
b response to therapy
c response to potential adverse drug reactions
d individual organ or cellular function
individual organ or cellular functions
Serum enzymes cannot be used to detect
a drug overdose
b hepatocellular injury
c cholestasis
d muscle damage
drug overdose
A cat’s serum sample is orange in color, indicating the presence of
a normal serum
b in vitro hemolysis
c lipemia
d bilirubin
bilirubin
crystalluria is often
a associated with risk of urolithiasis
b indicative of abnormal metabolism of a substance
c of no clinical significance
d all the above
all the above
Calculation and measurement of SG in urine includes
a refractometric measures of the bending of light as it passes through a solution
b measuring the concentration of hydrogen ions
c reference intervals
d both A and B
refractometric measures of the bending of light as it passes through a solution
________ occurs with metabolic diseases involving increased lipid or impaired carbohydrate metabolism
a Hyperbilirubinemia
b Ketonuria
c Glucosuria
d Hematuria
Ketonuria
Define the following terms: pollakiuria, polyuria, oliguria, and anuria
pollakiuria= abnormal frequent urination polyuria= increased volume of urine oliguria= scant urination anuria= without urine production
What is the normal clarity of canine urine
clear
Define urine specific gravity
density of urine when compared to distilled water
When is a sulfasalicylic acid trubidity test required
when protein is high
What is the purpose
Aids in accurate measurement of protein loss with low SG
The most appropriate specimens for bacterial culture are collected
a by the client
b from the ear canal
c from sites that are normally free of bacteria
d from open lesions
from sites that are normally free of bacteria
Acid-fast stain is used to identify
a Mycobacterium and Nocardia
b Bacillus anthracis
c Legionella and Pseudomonas
d Borrelia anserina
Mycobacterium and Nocardia
Organisms that exhibit a Gram variable reaction should be evaluated by the
a oxidase test
b coadulase test
c KOH test
d Enterotube test
KOH test
A bacterial colony count may be useful in the evaluation of
a dermatophyte infection
b contamination level of specimen
c gastrointestinal disease
d urinary tract infection
urinary tract infection
To collect specimens at optimal times, it would be best ot sample them
a early in the course of the disease
b at midpoint of the disease
c after administration of antimicrobials
d after the death of the animal
early in the course of the disease
______ is the best way to collect bacterial culture from urine
a scraping of the urethral wall
b test strips dipped in urine
c cystocentesis
d free-catch sampling
cystocentesis
MacConkey agar is selective for bacteria that can grow in the presence of bile salts which is similar to the environment found in
a the skin
b deep wounds
c the stomach
d the intestines
the intestines
Inoculated media plates are incubated in an inverted position to
a encourage growth of all bacteria present
b prevent condensation of water on the lid
c prevent isolated growth of pathogens
d decrease humidity in the media
prevent condensation of water on the lid
A positive result for the ______ test results in bubbles of oxygen produced on a slide when bacteria are introduced into a drop of hydrogen peroxide
a coagulase
b indole
c catalase
d oxidase
catalase
Where are members of the Enterobacteriaceae family commonly found
a Brain
b Skin
c Liver
d Intestines
Intestines
The most important member of the Bacillus family is
a Streptococcus
b Bacillus anthracis
c Staphylococcus
d aeromonas
Bacillus antracis
Sample ______ systems are designed to maintain the bacteria without promoting their growth or allowing them to die
a enrichment
b migratory
c stable
d transport
transport
list at least six terms for describing colony morphologic characteristics related to elevation
Flat, raised, convex, pulvinate, umbonate, circular
Describe the procedure for inoculating both the butt and slant section of an agar slant tube
butt= straight in and out stab into the media
slant= straight stab into the media and when retracting make a squiggly motion at the surface of the media