2C - Education and Widening Opportunities, 1918-1945 Flashcards

1
Q

What did the 1918 Education Act do?

A

Gave responsibility to local education authorities and provided them with funding, more vocational training, no elementary school fees

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2
Q

How was education provided before 1918?

A

Provided by LEAs. LEAs paid teachers’ salaries provided free school meals to poor children, maintained upkeep of buildings and monitored teaching standards.

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3
Q

What did the Lewis Report recommend in 1917?

A

School leaving age of 14
New tier county colleges to provide vocational training, day release
Curriculum divided into ‘practical instruction’ for less able children and ‘advanced instruction’ for more able

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4
Q

In what state was educational provision in 1918?

A

328 authorities which provided:
Elementary schools - basic education to age 14
Secondary and technical schools - educating until 16

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5
Q

What did the Hadow Report recommend in 1926 but was never implemented?

A

Abolition of elementary schools and the division into primary and secondary schools with children transferring at age 11
Raising of the school leaving age to 15

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6
Q

Prior to WW2, what % of those over 13 were still in school?

A

13%

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7
Q

Why were Grammar Schools unaffordable to WC?

A

Increased the number of free places but costs such as uniform and transport still made it unaffordable

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8
Q

What did the 1944 Butler Act do?

A

State secondary schools stopped charging fees and the cost of mass education was paid for through taxation. Compulsory education extended to 15

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9
Q

Which universities existed in the 1920s and 1930s and how were they funded?

A

Oxford and Cambridge for the privileged but took on more MC and few WC. Funded through grants and scholarships offered by LEAs and charities.

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10
Q

As opposed to university, what was a more common route for the WC?

A

RSTs - recognised students in training, good for WC students, government funded teacher training grants

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11
Q

Who went to Oxbridge in 1918?

A

Socially and academic elite

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