2.9 Proteomics Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 2.9 Proteomics Deck (20)
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1
Q

What is proteomics?

A

the study of all the proteins that make up all your cells and tissues.

2
Q

What is 1 and 2D electrophersis?

A

A way to combine these two ways, by separating them in the 1st dimension via iso electric charge via PH charge. Then the 2nd is by weight, allowing a more specific separation of all the proteins in the sample

3
Q

What is the western blotting?

A

used to separate and identify proteins. In this technique a mixture of proteins is separated based on molecular weight, and thus by type, through gel electrophoresis. These results are then transferred to a membrane producing a band for each protein.

4
Q

What are proteins?

A

Macromolecules consisting of one or more long chains of AA residues (polypeptides).

5
Q

What three main classes can proteins be divided into?

A

globular, fibrous, and membrane

6
Q

What is IEF?

A

Isoelectric focusing, technique for separating NONdenatured proteins by their isoelectric point and put them in a PH gradient and then separate on their accumulated charge based on their AA seqience

7
Q

What is IEF?

A

Isoelectric focusing, technique for separating NONdenatured proteins by their isoelectric point and put them in a PH gradient and then separate on theiraccumulated charge based on their AA sequence

8
Q

What is mass spec?

A

Breaks up proteins, into smaller pieces, gives them a charge, ionize it, run it across the detector that will detect how big that molecule is and create a unique pattern for each molecule and compare it to known patterns

9
Q

What is the Yeast 2 hybrid technique?

A

Tool for examining the interactions between proteins. A way to search the genome to fish out transcription factors, dna factors.

10
Q

What are protein microarrays?

A

The array has multiple antibodies on the plate itself, the proteins will stick and light up. Good tool to analyze the proteom for a particular sample.

11
Q

What is affinity capture?

A

Method of separating chemical mixtures based on a highly specific interaction such as that between antigen and antibody, enzyme and substrate, or receptor and ligand. Good in purifying a protein.

12
Q

Define the interactome/Reactome

A

Mostly protein protein interactions, the whole set of molecular interactions in a particular cell,

13
Q

What is the importance of post-translational modification?

A

Increases protein diversity.

14
Q

What are prions?

A

infectious angents, consequences of misfolded proteins that cause degeneration of brain matter. Tells other proteins to misfold.

15
Q

What are Tau-plaques associated with?

A

Alzheimers

16
Q

What are the basic tools used to determine the significance of mutations (AA changes)?

A

SIFT and PolyPhen-2

17
Q

What are the protein prediction software?

A

Uniprot and Phyre (Predicting protein 2nd tertiary structure).

18
Q

What is the order of western blot?

A

Extract proteins, electrophorese, transfer to membrane, and detect with protein specific antibodies

19
Q

What is the most common post translational modification?

A

Phosphorylation.

20
Q

What are some diseases associated with prions?

A

CJD, mad cow disease.