2.5.4 Polysaccharides: Structural Molecules Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 2.5.4 Polysaccharides: Structural Molecules Deck (10)
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1
Q

cellulose

A
  • a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plant cells. -

Cellulose is a polymer of glucose molecules connected by 1-4 glycosidic linkages

2
Q

note

A
  • Several other structural polysaccharides include hemicellulose, pectin, and chitin
3
Q

Hemicellulose and pectin

A
  • polysaccharides that act like glue to hold the cellulose together in cell walls.
4
Q

chitin

A
  • a polysaccharide that makes up the exoskeleton of arthropods and is in the cell walls of fungi. A hard exoskeleton is produced when calcium is added to it
5
Q

Mucopolysaccharides

A
  • found in the fluid of the eyeball, joint lubricants, umbilical cords, and connective tissues of the skin.
6
Q

Carbohydrates serve two major purposes. These purposes are

A
  • energy and structure
7
Q

True or false?
Cellulose is composed of a chain of beta glucose molecules, and starch is composed of a chain of alpha-glucose molecules.

A
  • true
8
Q

Which type of carbohydrate is found in plant cell walls and is responsible in part for the strength of these walls?

A
  • cellulose
9
Q

Chitin is a structural carbohydrate found in

A
  • arthropods and fungi
10
Q

Mammals lack cellulases and cannot digest cellulose without the help of symbiotic bacteria that produce cellulase for them. Why can’t amylase, an enzyme that digests starch, effectively digest cellulose?

A
  • The shape of the cellulose makes it less accessible to digestive enzymes

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