2.5 variation and inheritance Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 2.5 variation and inheritance Deck (17)
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1
Q

give examples of variation

A
  • peppered moth during the industrial revolution
  • different eye colours
  • height etc.
2
Q

what is discrete variation?

A

Where a characteristic falls into distinct groups

3
Q

What is continuous variation?

A

where a characteristic can have any value in range.

4
Q

What are single gene traits controlled by and what type of variation do they show?

A

they are controlled by one gene and show discrete variation

5
Q

What are polygenic traits controlled by and what type fo variation do they show?

A

they are controlled by many genes and show continuous variation

6
Q

Give examples of polygenic traits

A

Height, skin colour, hair colour, eye colour

7
Q

Give examples of single gene traits

A

tongue curling, hitch hikers thumb, attached or detached earlobes

8
Q

Which genes will always show in the appearance of an organism if it is present?

A

the dominant genes will always show in the appearance of the organism even if there is only one copy.

9
Q

Which genes needs two copies of itself to show in the appearance of an organism?

A

recessive genes need two copies of them to show in the appearance of the organism

10
Q

What is the phenotype of an organism?

A

The appearance of the organism

11
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

the combining of genes from two parents. this process contributes to variation within a species.

12
Q

Give examples of phenotypes

A
  • eye colour
  • hair colour
  • height
13
Q

What is the genotype?

A

describes the set of genes an organism possesses

14
Q

What is the genotype of a homozygous individual?

A

they have two matching alleles of one gene

15
Q

What is the genotype of a heterozygous individual?

A

they have two different alleles of one gene

16
Q

What is a carrier?

A

a person who has one copy of a diseased allele but is not affected by the disease

17
Q

What are carriers at risk of?

A

passing on a genetic disorder to their offspring. they may receive genetic counselling.