2.14 DNA Replication Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 2.14 DNA Replication Deck (9)
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0
Q

3 requirements for DNA Polymerases

A
  1. 5’triphosphates of the A,T,C and G deoxynucleosides must be present
  2. Preexisting single strand of DNA to be replicated (Template strand)
  3. A RNA Primer must be present and hydrogen bonded to template strand
1
Q

What are the 5 rules of DNA replication

A
  1. Semi-Conservative
  2. Occurs from origins of replication
  3. Is Bidirectional
  4. Strands are extended from 5’ –> 3’
  5. Requires an RNA Primer
2
Q

What does processivity mean?

A

Means that the template is held to the replication area for a long time. DNA Polymerases do not release template until it has processed for a while.

3
Q

What does Fidelity mean?

A

Corresponds to accuracy.

4
Q

Describe the sliding clamp that ensures high processivity

A
  1. Clamp loading protein (RFC) binds DNA between primer and template
  2. PCNA (proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) binds and allows for DNA Polymerase to bind.
    PCNA prevents early release of polymerase from template
5
Q

What enzyme splices Okazaki fragments together

A

DNA Ligase

6
Q

What enzyme is the only one that can work with Nucleoside Monophosphates

A

DNA Ligase

7
Q

How does Helicase work?

A

It opens DNA at replication fork by breaking Hydrogen bonds

8
Q

What enzyme removes the RNA Primer in telomerase activity

A

RNase