2.1.3 Ions, Ionization, and Isotopes Flashcards Preview

AP Biology > 2.1.3 Ions, Ionization, and Isotopes > Flashcards

Flashcards in 2.1.3 Ions, Ionization, and Isotopes Deck (17)
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1
Q

ion

A
  • charged atom
2
Q

ionization

A
  • the formation of ions
3
Q

isotopes

A
  • atoms that have a different number of neutrons than other atoms with the same atomic number
  • their unique properties are useful for researching the age of different substance
4
Q

Lewis dot notation

A
  • a method of representing atoms. It involves drawing only the valence electrons of an atom.
5
Q

valence shell

A
  • Atoms with unfilled valence shells can interact with each other.
  • An example is the interaction between sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl). Na can lose its single valence electron, and Cl can take that electron filling its valence shell. Na+ and Cl- ions result from this exchange. The process of the formation of ions is called ionization.
6
Q

note

A
  • Carbon has an atomic number of six. Carbon atoms typically consist of six protons and six electrons, although isotopes do exist.
  • Two isotopes of carbon include 13carbon and 14carbon. Each of these isotopes has the same number of protons (six), but different numbers of neutrons.
  • The atomic mass takes the weights of these carbon isotopes into account; thus, the atomic weight is 12.011 rather than 12.
7
Q

radioisotope

A
  • an isotope that gives off radiation. 14C is a radioisotope that will decay into 14N. A neutron within 14C will break apart, become a proton, and emit radiation.
8
Q

True or false?
An isotope is one of several different forms of an element’s atoms that have different atomic masses due to a gain or loss of neutrons or protons.

A
  • false
9
Q

Ionization is caused by the gain or loss of these atomic particles

A
  • electrons
10
Q

If an atom gains or loses electrons it becomes

A
  • an ion
11
Q

Isotopes of the same atom differ in the number of

A
  • neutrons
12
Q

What are the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for the −2 anion from the 17^O isotope of oxygen? (The atomic number of oxygen is 8.)

A
  • 8p+; 9n; 10e−
13
Q

Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of ______________ but different numbers of ________________.

A
  • protons, neutrons
14
Q

Ions are formed by a change in the number of ______________________, while isotopes have differing numbers of _________________________.

A
  • electrons, neutrons
15
Q

When an atom of fluorine (atomic number 9) becomes an ion, it

A
  • gains one electron
16
Q

The atomic mass of an element is the

A
  • average mass of its various isotopes
17
Q

Considering the valence electron configuration of magnesium (atomic number 12), which is the most likely charge produced by the ionization of magnesium?

A
  • +2

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