21. Toxicology Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 21. Toxicology Deck (20)
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1
Q

A state of overwhelming obsession or physical need to continue the use of a substance

A

addiction

2
Q

a substance that is used to neutralize or counteract a poison

A

antidote

3
Q

A severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol; characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitation, and seizures; can be fatal if untreated.

A

delirium tremens (DT)

4
Q

vomiting

A

emesis

5
Q

An agent that produces false perception in any one of the five senses.

A

hallucinogen

6
Q

vomiting blood

A

hematemesis

7
Q

a sleep-induced effect or agent.

A

hypnotic

8
Q

swallowing; taking a substance by mouth.

A

ingestion

9
Q

also known as a safety data sheet

A

material safety data sheet (MSDS)

10
Q

A drug that produces sleep or altered mental consciousness

A

narcotic

11
Q

A subset of the opioid family, referring to natural, non-synthetic opioids.

A

opiate

12
Q

A synthetically produced narcotic medication, drug, or agent similar to the opiate morphine, but not derived from opium; used to relieve pain.

A

opiod

13
Q

An excessive quantity of a drug that, when taken, can have a toxic or lethal consequence.

A

overdose

14
Q

A substance whose chemical action could damage structures or impair function when introduced into the body.

A

poison

15
Q

A substance that decreases activity and excitement.

A

sedative

16
Q

An agent that produces an excited state.

A

stimulant

17
Q

The misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect.

A

substance abuse

18
Q

The need for increasing amounts of a drug to achieve the same effect.

A

tolerance

19
Q

The study of toxic or poisonous substances.

A

toxicology

20
Q

A poison or harmful substance produced by bacteria, animals, or plants.

A

toxin