2013 physiology midterm Flashcards

1
Q
What causes the repolarization of a nerve cell?
A) K+ exit 
B) N+ exit 
C) N + entry 
D) K+ entry
A

A) K+ exit

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2
Q
The plateau phase in the cardiac action potential is due to which of the following factors?
A. Na inward current
B. K outward diffusion
C. Ca inward and K outward diffusion
D. Ca outward and K inward diffusion
A

C. Ca inward and K outward diffusion

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3
Q

In general, which subject has the highest percentage of body water?

a. A 20-year-old male
b. A 20-year-old female
c. A 40-year- old male
d. A 40-year-old female
e. A 70-year-old female

A

a. A 20-year-old male

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4
Q

How does the reduction in the energy cause intracellular edema?

a) Opening water channel
b) Opening Na+ channel
c) Increase facilitated diffusion of glucose into the cell
d) Na /k ATPase activity decrease

A

d) Na /k ATPase activity decrease

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5
Q

A large nerve cell show resting membrane potential of -90mv what is responsible for the majority of this membrane potential?

a) K gradient
b) Cl gradient
c) Ca gradient
d) Na gradient

A

a) K gradient

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6
Q

What is an important characteristic of facilitated diffusion?
A- carrier-mediated
B- against concentration gradient

A

A- carrier-mediated

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7
Q

[Solution X: 250 ml of 0.9% NaCl + 500 ml of 3% NaCl]
According to Van hoffs, what is the osmotic pressure of a solution X with a semipermeable membrane, having pure water on the other side?

A

no answer

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8
Q

What is the function of Clarithn?

a. Endocytosis of vesicles
b. Cytoskeleton
c. Regulation of cell membrane

A

a. Endocytosis of vesicles

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9
Q
Which solution is hypotonic? (MW NaCl=58.5, glucose=180)
A. 1 liter 0.9% NaCl
B. 1 liter 0.9% NaCl + 100 ml water 
C. 200 g of glucose in 500 ml water 
D. 50 g of glucose in 500 ml water 
E. 0.9% NaCl in 200 ml + 5 g NaCl
A

B. 1 liter 0.9% NaCl + 100 ml water

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10
Q
Substance passes from interspace to extracellular compartment by:
A- Gated channels
B - Endocytosis 
C - Transcytosis 
D - Exocytosis
E - Pinocytosis
A

C - Transcytosis

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11
Q

What causes extracellular edema?
A. Decreased in capillary hydrostatic pressure
B. Decreased in tissue collid osmotic pressure
C. Decreased in plasma collid osmotic pressure
D. Increase in lymph flow

A

C. Decreased in plasma collid osmotic pressure

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12
Q

If H+ peptide depends on Na/H Exchanger which depend on Na/Ka ATpase. Which type is for transporting The peptide?

a. primary active transport
b. secondary active transport
c. tertiary active transport

A

c. tertiary active transport

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13
Q
If blood pressure decreases and baroreceptors sense this change and transmit signal to cardiovascular center in the brain, which sends signals to heart to decrease the heart rate... Which role in homeostatic mechanism does the heart play?
A -effector
B -integrating center 
C -afferent  pathway 
D -efferent pathway 
E -sensor
A

A -effector

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14
Q

Opening of which channel increases heart rate?
A) Fast sodium channels
B) Slow calcium voltage-gated ion channels
C) Acetylcholine regulated potassium channels

A

B) Slow calcium voltage-gated ion channels

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