19. War and Revolution Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 19. War and Revolution Deck (28)
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1
Q

What is the change from Old imperialism to the New Imperialism beginning in 1870? In Africa and Asia

A

Focused on trade –> Political control

2
Q

best, most aggressive example of the new imperialism

A

“scramble for Africa”

3
Q

Where was the conference for “Scramble for Africa” held?

A

Berlin

4
Q

After the partitioning of Africa, which countries remained independent?

A

Only Liberia and Abyssinia (Ethiopia)

5
Q

In 1879, Bismarck’s goals of isolating France led to:

A

Triple Alliance with Austria-Hungary and Italy, then later with Russia also

6
Q

After William II forced Bismarck to resign, how were his policies like?

A

Very aggressive and set Germany on a new course

7
Q

What was William II’s major aggressive policy?

A

challenging Britain’s long-standing naval supremacy by embarking on an expensive program of naval expansion

8
Q

How did France react to Germany’s alliances?

A

Triple Entente with Russia and Britain

9
Q

Why did the Balkan Peninsula become a powder keg of competing interests?

A

b/c the power of Ottoman Empire receded

10
Q

most of Balkan population spoke: _____, major nationalist movement: ______

A

Slavic language, Pan-Slavism

11
Q

which newly independent nation quickly became the leader of the Pan-Slavic movement?

A

Serbia

12
Q

Who assassinated who which plunged Europe into war?

A

Slav nationalist Gavrilo Princip assassinated Archduke Francis Ferdinand, the heir to the Austrian Throne

13
Q

What is the Schlieffen Plan?

did they succeed?

A

Germany’s plan for a lightning all-out attack on France to knock them out before Russia could fully mobilize
-No

14
Q

Germany’s first act of war?

A

attcked neutral Belgium, which enraged Britain who declared war on Germany

15
Q

Total War

A

gov’ts mobilized all human and industrial resources in order to wage total war

16
Q

In 1918, what happened that is important to the history of women?

A

Parliament granted the suffrage to women over 30

17
Q

The Russian Revolution saw an end to what dynasty and who was the last inept ruler?

A

Romanov rule, Nicholas II

18
Q

What gov’t and who replaced the tsar in Russian Revoluion(RR)?

A

provisional government led by Alexander Kerensky

19
Q

Lenin= ________ revolution

A

Bolshevik

20
Q

Lenin’s popular communist slogan

A

“Peace, Land, and Bread”

21
Q

Lenin’s Key ideas(3):

A
  • denounced gradual reform
  • communist revolution was possible in non industrialized country such as Russia
  • due to Russia’s small working class, leadership would have to come from highly disciplined group of professional revolutionaries
22
Q

What attempted to overthrow the Bolsheviks?

A

“White” armies

23
Q

Who formed the “Red Army” in response to “white” armies and defeated them?

A

Leon Trotsky

24
Q

What did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk end?

A

The Russian Front in WWI

25
Q

Realizing that defeat was imminent, William II abdicated his throne. What happened to gov’t in Germany then?

A

became a republic

26
Q

Treaty of Versailles:

  1. Germany’s land?
  2. created what new nation?
A
  • Alsace-Lorraine back to France, and German territories in Africa and Pacific were given as mandates to Britain, France, and Japan
  • Poland
27
Q

What is a mandate

A

territory that was administered on behalf of the League of Nations

28
Q

New map of europe after WWI

A
  1. Austri-Hungary dissolved into separate states
  2. Creation of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia from territories of Austria-Hungary
  3. Finland and three Baltic states emerged from Russia