1.8: Social support Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 1.8: Social support Deck (33)
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1
Q

Resistance to social influence

A

Resistance to social influence is the ways in which individuals attempt to withstand perceived attempts to threaten freedom of choice

2
Q

Resistance to social influence involves what?

A

Resistance to social influence involves:

  1. Disobedience
  2. Non-conformity
3
Q

Resistance to social influence involves disobedience and non-conformity, with non-conformity occurring how?

A

Resistance to social influence involves disobedience and non-conformity, with non-conformity occurring in 2 ways:

  1. Independence
  2. Anti-conformity
4
Q

Resistance to social influence involves disobedience and non-conformity, with non-conformity occurring in 2 ways - independence and anti-conformity.
1. Independence involves what?

A
Independence involves a lack of consistent movement either:
1. Towards
Or,
2. Away from
social expectancy (doing your own thing)
5
Q

Resistance to social influence involves disobedience and non-conformity, with non-conformity occurring in 2 ways - independence and anti-conformity.

  1. Independence involves a lack of consistent movement either towards or away from social expectancy (doing your own thing).
  2. Anti-conformity involves what?
A

Anti-conformity involves a consistent movement away from social conformity

6
Q

Resistance to social influence involves disobedience and non-conformity, with non-conformity occurring in 2 ways - independence and anti-conformity.
1. Independence involves a lack of consistent movement either towards or away from social expectancy (doing your own thing).
2. Anti-conformity involves a consistent movement away from social conformity.
Example

A

For example, adopting the:
1. Behaviour
2. Norms
of a minority group

7
Q

The ability to withstand social pressure is influenced by both situational and dispositional factors.
The 2 explanations for resistance to social influence are what?

A

The 2 explanations for resistance to social influence are:

  1. Social support
  2. Locus of control (LOC)
8
Q

Social support

A

Social support is the perception of:
1. Assistance
2. Solidarity
available from others

9
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do what?

A
The presence of people who resist pressures to:
1. Conform
Or,
2. Obey
can help others to do the same
10
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as what?

A

These people act as models

11
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that what is possible?

A

These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible

12
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible.
With conformity, the presence of others who what has proven to be a strong source of what?

A

With conformity, the presence of others who dissent has been proven to be a strong source of defiance

13
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible.
With conformity, the presence of others who dissent has been proven to be a strong source of defiance.
Dissenters provide the participant with what?

A

Dissenters provide the participant with moral support

14
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible.
With conformity, the presence of others who dissent has been proven to be a strong source of defiance.
Dissenters provide the participant with moral support, even if they give what?

A

Dissenters provide the participant with moral support, even if they give a different wrong answer from the majority

15
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible.
With conformity, the presence of others who dissent has been proven to be a strong source of defiance.
Dissenters provide the participant with moral support, even if they give a different wrong answer from the majority, ‘freeing’ the participant to give what?

A

Dissenters provide the participant with moral support, even if they give a different wrong answer from the majority, ‘freeing’ the participant to give the correct answer

16
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible.
With conformity, the presence of others who dissent has been proven to be a strong source of defiance.
Dissenters provide the participant with moral support, even if they give a different wrong answer from the majority, ‘freeing’ the participant to give the correct answer.
The dissenter represents a form of what?

A

The dissenter represents a form of social support

17
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible.
With conformity, the presence of others who dissent has been proven to be a strong source of defiance.
Dissenters provide the participant with moral support, even if they give a different wrong answer from the majority, ‘freeing’ the participant to give the correct answer.
The dissenter represents a form of social support.
So, a major way of resisting conformity is to break what?

A

So, a major way of resisting conformity is to break the agreement of the majority

18
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible.
With conformity, the presence of others who dissent has been proven to be a strong source of defiance.
Dissenters provide the participant with moral support, even if they give a different wrong answer from the majority, ‘freeing’ the participant to give the correct answer.
The dissenter represents a form of social support.
So, a major way of resisting conformity is to break the agreement of the majority - if they do not all agree, their impact is what?

A

So, a major way of resisting conformity is to break the agreement of the majority - if they do not all agree, their impact is greatly reduced

19
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible.
With conformity, the presence of others who dissent has been proven to be a strong source of defiance.
Dissenters provide the participant with moral support, even if they give a different wrong answer from the majority, ‘freeing’ the participant to give the correct answer.
The dissenter represents a form of social support.
So, a major way of resisting conformity is to break the agreement of the majority - if they do not all agree, their impact is greatly reduced.
It also seems that what is more influential?

A

It also seems that early social support is more influential

20
Q

Social support - The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
These people act as models to show others that resistance to social influence is possible.
With conformity, the presence of others who dissent has been proven to be a strong source of defiance.
Dissenters provide the participant with moral support, even if they give a different wrong answer from the majority, ‘freeing’ the participant to give the correct answer.
The dissenter represents a form of social support.
So, a major way of resisting conformity is to break the agreement of the majority - if they do not all agree, their impact is greatly reduced.
It also seems that early social support is more influential.
If an individual finds themselves in a situation in which pressures towards conformity are increasing and they feel that they should be resisted, they should try to speak out as soon as possible.
The sooner they do, the greater their chances of doing what?

A

The sooner they do, the greater their chances of:

  1. Rallying others
  2. Resisting the majority
21
Q

Conformity:

1. Conformity is reduced by a what?

A
  1. Conformity is reduced by a dissenting peer
22
Q

Conformity:

  1. Conformity is reduced by a dissenting peer.
  2. The effect is not what?
A
  1. The effect is not long-lasting
23
Q
Conformity:
1. Conformity is reduced by a dissenting peer.
2. The effect is not long-lasting.
Obedience:
1. Obedience is reduced by what?
A
  1. Obedience is reduced by one other dissenting peer
24
Q

Conformity:
1. Conformity is reduced by a dissenting peer.
2. The effect is not long-lasting.
Obedience:
1. Obedience is reduced by one other dissenting peer.
2. The dissenting peer’s disobedience frees the participant to act from their own what?

A
  1. The dissenting peer’s disobedience frees the participant to act from their own conscience
25
Q

With obedience, the presence of what has been shown to be a powerful source of social support?

A

With obedience, the presence of disobedient models has been shown to be a powerful source of social support

26
Q

With obedience, the presence of disobedient models has been shown to be a powerful source of social support.
Similarly to dissenters with conformity, disobedient models reduce the what of a group?

A

Similarly to dissenters with conformity, disobedient models reduce the unanimity of a group

27
Q

With obedience, the presence of disobedient models has been shown to be a powerful source of social support.
Similarly to dissenters with conformity, disobedient models reduce the unanimity of a group, making it easier for individuals to act how?

A

Similarly to dissenters with conformity, disobedient models reduce the unanimity of a group, making it easier for individuals to act independently

28
Q

With obedience, the presence of disobedient models has been shown to be a powerful source of social support.
Similarly to dissenters with conformity, disobedient models reduce the unanimity of a group, making it easier for individuals to act independently.
Such people also seem to demonstrate that disobedience is actually what?

A

Such people also seem to demonstrate that disobedience is actually possible

29
Q

With obedience, the presence of disobedient models has been shown to be a powerful source of social support.
Similarly to dissenters with conformity, disobedient models reduce the unanimity of a group, making it easier for individuals to act independently.
Such people also seem to demonstrate that disobedience is actually possible, as well as what?

A

Such people also seem to demonstrate that disobedience is actually possible, as well as how to do it

30
Q

With obedience, the presence of disobedient models has been shown to be a powerful source of social support.
Similarly to dissenters with conformity, disobedient models reduce the unanimity of a group, making it easier for individuals to act independently.
Such people also seem to demonstrate that disobedience is actually possible, as well as how to do it.
In one of Milgram’s variations, after who had refused to obey, a real participant commented what?

A

In one of Milgram’s variations, after confederate teachers had refused to obey, a real participant commented, ‘I didn’t realise I could refuse to obey’

31
Q

With obedience, the presence of disobedient models has been shown to be a powerful source of social support.
Similarly to dissenters with conformity, disobedient models reduce the unanimity of a group, making it easier for individuals to act independently.
Such people also seem to demonstrate that disobedience is actually possible, as well as how to do it.
In one of Milgram’s variations, after confederate teachers had refused to obey, a real participant commented, ‘I didn’t realise I could refuse to obey.’
Disobedient models can additionally be seen as a form of conformity, because they create what?

A

Disobedient models can additionally be seen as a form of conformity, because they create a group norm for individuals to follow suit

32
Q

The pressure to obey can be reduced if

A

The pressure to obey can be reduced if there is another person who is seen to disobey

33
Q

The pressure to obey can be reduced if there is another person who is seen to disobey.
The participant may not follow the disobent person’s behaviour, but what is the point?

A

The participant may not follow the disobent person’s behaviour, but the point is that the other person’s disobedience acts as a ‘model’ for the participant to copy that frees him to act from his own conscience

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