17 - Amines Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 17 - Amines Deck (8)
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0
Q

What are the different types of Amine?

A

Primary, secondary and tertiary amines. NH2R is a primary amine. NHR2 is a secondary amine. NR3 is a tertiary amine.

1
Q

Why are amines ammonia derivatives?

A

Amines are ammonia derivatives as the hydrogen atoms on the ammonia molecule have all been replaced one by one with carbon chains (which are symbolised by R).

2
Q

What are amines known for? What are some specific examples?

A

Amines are known for their physiological effects and actions. Amphetamine is used as a treatment for drowsiness and chronic fatigue syndrome. Phenylephrine is a decongestant, often used in anti-flu medicine with paracetamol.

3
Q

What odour do amines have?

A

They have an unpleasant odour - they smell fishy.

4
Q

How do you name Amines?

A

-amine is the suffix. In a secondary and tertiary amine the longest chain takes the name. The shorter hydrocarbon chains attached to the nitrogen are treated as alkyl chains. N is added to the prefix (e.g. N-methyl). An example would be N-methyethylamine (secondary) or N,N-dimethylethylamine.

5
Q

Why and how are amines bases?

A

They are weak bases as they are proton accepts. Amines have a lone pair on the nitrogen atom which can accept a proton, H+.

6
Q

What happens when an amine accepts a proton?

A

When a base accepts a proton a lone pair from the nitrogen atom forms a dative covalent bond with the proton. An example: CH3NH2 + H -> CH3NH3 (+).

7
Q

What do amines form when they’re reacted with acids?

A

Amines (like bases) form salts when they’re reacted with acids. Base + Acid -> Salt. An example: CH3CH2NH2(aq) + HCl(aq) -> CH3CH2NH3+Cl-(aq).