13. Proteins Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 13. Proteins Deck (17)
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1
Q

What are the 2 types of proteins?

A

Globular and Fibrous

2
Q

What are fibrous proteins mainly used for?

A

Structural

  • keratin (nails)
  • myosin (muscles)
3
Q

What are globular p[roteins mainlky used for?

A

Functional

  • enzymes
  • hormones
4
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

A biological catalyst?

5
Q

What is mainly responsible for the complicated shape of functional proteins like enzymes.

A

Intermolecular attractions MAINLY H- bonding

6
Q

What does “denaturing” mean with a protein?

A

Changing the shape (mainly of active site)

7
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino acids

8
Q

What is the basic structure of an amino acid and what functional groups are present?

A
9
Q

What reactions do amino acids undergo to form peptides and proteins

A

Condensation reaction

10
Q

What is the functional group in peptides and proteins?

A

The peptide (amide) link (bond)

11
Q

What are “essential” amino acids?

A

Amino acids that cannot be synthesised by the body and must be taken in as part of the diet

12
Q

What bonds or attrcations are broken when a protein is denatured?

A

Hydrogen bonds

13
Q

What conditions can cause a protein to be denatured?

A
  • temperature
  • pH
14
Q

Proteins in the body

A
15
Q

Why must proteins be “digested”?

A
  • Structures too large to be absorbed into bloodstream
  • body needs individual amino acids
16
Q

What happens when proteins are digested?

A

They are hydrolysed

17
Q
A