1.3 - Gene Expression Flashcards Preview

Higher Human Biology > 1.3 - Gene Expression > Flashcards

Flashcards in 1.3 - Gene Expression Deck (22)
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1
Q

Unit of polypeptide structure.

A

Amino acid

2
Q

Sequence of three bases on tRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

A

Anticodon

3
Q

Site on a transfer RNA molecule to which a specific amino acid binds.

A

Attachment site

4
Q

Sequence of three bases on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

A

Codon

5
Q

Sequence of DNA that codes for protein.

A

Exon

6
Q

Transcription and translation of a gene to synthesise proteins.

A

Gene expression

7
Q

Non-coding sequence of DNA.

A

Intron

8
Q

Carries a copy of the DNA code from nucleus to ribosome.

A

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

9
Q

Strong chemical link between amino acids in the primary structure of a polypeptide.

A

Peptide bond

10
Q

Outward appearance of an organism.

A

Phenotype

11
Q

Short strand of amino acids

A

Polypeptide

12
Q

Changes made to polypeptides following translation.

A

Post-translational modification

13
Q

Molecule made when DNA is transcribed.

A

Primary transcript

14
Q

Type of RNA that makes up ribosomes.

A

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

15
Q

Site of protein synthesis; composed of rRNA and protein.

A

Ribosome

16
Q

Ribonucleic acid; occurs in several forms in cells

A

RNA

17
Q

Enzyme involved in synthesis of primary transcripts from DNA.

A

RNA polymerase

18
Q

Joining of exons following the removal on introns from a primary transcript.

A

RNA splicing

19
Q

Copying of DNA sequences to make a primary transcript.

A

Transcription

20
Q

Transfers specific amino acids to the mRNA on the ribosomes.

A

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

21
Q

Production of a polypeptide at a ribosome using information encoded in mRNA.

A

Translation

22
Q

RNA base not found in DNA

A

Uracil (U)