12. Erythrocyte Physiology (Karius's lecture) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 12. Erythrocyte Physiology (Karius's lecture) Deck (13)
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1
Q

How much oxygen can hemoglobin carry per gram?

A

1.34ml / gram

2
Q

What organ senses our oxygen level to upregulate RBC synthesis?

A

The kidney

3
Q

What does low O2 do to increase RBC levels?

A

It prevents the ubiquitination of HIF!

4
Q

The relative upregulation of HIF leads to the production of which hormone?

A

Erythropoietin

5
Q

What three things does Erythropoietin do?

A

Increases erythropoietic stem cells differentiating into proerythroblasts

Increases the maturation rate of committed RBC precursors

Decreases apoptosis of erythroid stem cells.

6
Q

What is someone’s oxygen capacity?

What is someone’s oxygen content?

A
  1. 34 x grams of hemoglobin
  2. 34 x grams of hemoglobin x O2 Saturation %
7
Q

What do red blood cells use ATP for? (4 things)

A
  1. Flexibility of membrane
  2. Ion-Transport
  3. Maintain iron in Fe++ state (Fe3+ doesn’t associate with O2 well, and doesn’t dissociate hardly at all)
  4. Prevent oxidation of Hb (prevent the O2 from randomly changing the conformation of the hemoglobin protien)
8
Q

What organ produces Hepcidin?

What is blocked by Hepcidin, and how?

A

The liver (in response to an excess of iron)

Ferroportin gets internalized by the intestinal cells.

9
Q

What is not produced in hereditary hemochromatosis?

A

Hepcidin

10
Q

What is secondary polycythemia?

A

Increase in red blood cells over the normal due to altitude or lung / heart disease (actual low O2 levels)

11
Q

What is Polycythemia Vera (Primary polycythemia)?

Is this disease associated with low or high EPO?

A

Increase in red blood cells due to bone marrow inducing hematopoiesis as a result of an abnormal signal (often not erythropoietin, in some cases may be thrombopoietin)

Erythropoietin is usually low.

12
Q

Which direction does high CO2 push a hemoglobin dissociation curve?

A

To the right. (CO2 pushes the same direction as H+s)

13
Q

What is methemoglobinemia?

A

Fe3+ in the hemoglobin