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A Level Sociology > 1.1 socialisation > Flashcards

Flashcards in 1.1 socialisation Deck (27)
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1
Q

What does socialisation involve?

A

Learning the norms and values of a culture and internalising them

2
Q

How long does the process of socialisation last?

A
  • a lifetime
  • rules of society have to be continually learned and reinforced
  • we also face new social situations in which we have to learn how to act
3
Q

What are the two stages of socialisation?

A
  • primary

* secondary

4
Q

When does primary socialisation occur and with whom?

A

In the early years of our lives through prolonged contact with our parents or carers

5
Q

What do we learn from?

A

Sanctions

Observing and copying behaviour

6
Q

What are sanctions?

A

Rewards and punishments

7
Q

Through primary socialisation what do children develop?

A

• a conscience and guilt

8
Q

What do children learn the boundaries of through primary socialisation?

A

The boundaries of acceptable and unacceptable behaviour

9
Q

When does secondary socialisation occur?

A

Throughout the rest of our lives

10
Q

What are the main agencies of secondary socialisation?

A
  • education
  • the media
  • the peer group
  • the workplace
11
Q

What is the function of secondary socialisation?

A
  • to build on what is learnt in primary socialisation

* to learn and understand how to participate in wider society

12
Q

What is the nature (biological) view?

A

People are born with instincts that determine behaviour e.g. The maternal instinct

13
Q

What is the nurture (sociological) view?

A

Behaviour is learned through the process of socialisation, this behaviour differs across cultures

14
Q

What evidence is there for the nature debate?

A

Bouchard research into identical twins separated at birth

15
Q

Explain what happened in the case of Oskar and Jack (twins supporting the nature debate):

A
  • separated at birth
  • Oskar raised a Catholic in Germany by his grandmother
  • jack raised a Jew in the Caribbean by his father
  • Bouchard documented the similarities in their behaviour, likes and dislikes
16
Q

What was found in the case of Oskar and jack?

A

• despite their different upbringings the twins behaviour, favourite food, mannerisms and clothing choices were strikingly similar

17
Q

Give names of feral children providing evidence for the nurture debate:

A
  • oxana Malaya
  • Isabel the chicken girl
  • genie
18
Q

What happened in the case of oxana Malaya?

A

She was left in a kennel with the family dogs from a very young age, she barked and ran on all fours behaving in a dog like manner.

19
Q

What happened in the case of Isabel the chicken girl?

A
  • found when she was 10
  • left in a chicken coop whilst her mam worked the fields
  • wasn’t toilet trained
  • couldn’t speak
  • expressed emotion by beating her hands and feet (imitating the chickens)
20
Q

Define socialisation:

A

Socialisation is the process of learning the culture of the society in which we live

21
Q

What is social control?

A

Methods used to persuade individuals to conform to the dominant norms of society

22
Q

How is social control enforced?

A

Sanctions

23
Q

What is formal social control?

A

Written rules or laws

Sanctions for those who deviate e.g. Prisons

24
Q

What are formal agencies of social control?

A

Police
Prisons
Education system

25
Q

What is informal social control?

A

Unwritten informal ways of controlling people

E.g. Gossip, Praise

26
Q

What institutions enforce informal social control?

A

Family

Peers

27
Q

Socialisation and social control act together to ensure what?

A

People follow societies rules

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