1.1 Age & Identity Flashcards Preview

A Level Sociology > 1.1 Age & Identity > Flashcards

Flashcards in 1.1 Age & Identity Deck (44)
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1
Q

sociologists look at age as being what?

A

socially constructed

2
Q

as age is socially constructed what are there expected of people in an age group?

A

certain norms of behaviour

3
Q

what 4 age groupings are there in society?

A

childhood
youth
middle age
old age

4
Q

(criticisms) some argue youth culture is just what?

A

a media creation

5
Q

(criticisms) as opposed to being rebellious as they are portrayed, what are most youths?

A

conformists who get along with their parents

6
Q

(support) old age is a homogenous category associated with what?

A

dependency and loneliness

7
Q

(support) youth is a time associated with what?

A

growing up
rebelling
fun
excitement

8
Q

(criticisms) what is most powerful for all groups as sources of identity?

A

class, gender, ethnicity above age

9
Q

childhood is what?

A

socially constructed

10
Q

in the UK how is childhood seen?

A

time of innocence and dependence

11
Q

(childhood) in some countries what will children be doing at age 12/13?

A

working, fighting as soldiers or getting married

12
Q

(childhood) how does the UK have a contradictory view of children?

A

portrayed as little angels but little devils

13
Q

Gardner et al parents are choosing to do what now compared to 25 years ago?

A

spend more time with their children

14
Q

Gardner et al - what are parents increasingly concerned about? and how are they reacting?

A

perceived risks their kids are exposed to

responding with increased monitoring and control

15
Q

Frank Furedi refers to parents increased monitoring as what?

A

paranoid parenting

16
Q

(youth subcultures) Functionalists think youth subcultures help young people, how?

A

offering collective support of a peer group while trying to find themselves

17
Q

(youth subcultures) clothes, music and hair styles become what in youth subcultures?

A

symbols of resistance

18
Q

(youth subcultures) Marxists argue youth subcultures express deviant behaviour as a form of what?

A

resistance and rebellion against wider society

19
Q

(youth subcultures) what does Jefferson say youth subcultures are a way of?

A

hitting back at society

20
Q

(youth subcultures) postmodernists look at what regarding youth identities?

A

increasing diversity

21
Q

(youth subcultures) Postmodernists say old youth identities are fading and young people follow lifestyles based on what?

A

their individual taste and choices

22
Q

(youth subcultures) what do youths have the option of choosing from according to postmodernist, polhemus?

A

a supermarket of style

23
Q

Postmodernists admit there are still some recognisable subcultures e.g goths, but what do they say about them?

A

Short lived

24
Q

Postmodernists say most young people chose what type of approach to style?

A

Pick n mix

25
Q

(Youth identity) Sewell found African-Caribbean boys formed their youth identity where?

A

In school

26
Q

(Youth identity) Sewell found a minority of boys formed what type of identity?

A

Rebel identity resistant to school and wider society

27
Q

(Youth identity) Sewell- what did the rebels project an image of?

A

Aggressive masculinity

28
Q

(Youth identity) Sewell - the Rebels drew on what culture and how was this expressed?

A

Black street culture

Arriving at school with patterns in their hair

29
Q

(Youth identity) Sewell- how did the schools respond to the hairstyles of the rebels?

A

Banned patterns but still allowed white boys to wear ponytails

30
Q

(Youth identity) Sewell - what was the banning of patterns seen as? What did it lead to?

A

Lack of respect

Aggressive response from rebels

31
Q

(Youth identity) how are youths presents in the media?

A

Deviant and troublesome

32
Q

(Youth identity) what are the media largely responsible for?

A

Creation of youth culture and identity

33
Q

(Youth identity) through the media e.g music, adverts what association has been made?

A

Style and youth

34
Q

(Youth identity) Cohen says young people are demonised by the media how?

A

They try to create moral panics about activities of young people

35
Q

(Youth identity) peer group - what does mcrobbie argue about girls subcultures?

A

Less obviously rebellious than boys

36
Q

(Youth identity) peer group - why does mcrobbie describe girls as having a bedroom subculture?

A

Involves girls spending time in their rooms with friends as opposed to out on the street - listening to music, doing makeup

37
Q

(Youth identity) what is a criticism of mcrobbies peer group study?

A

Outdated - gender identities have changed

38
Q

(old age identity) how do old people have a stigmatised identity?

A

ageism - old people are seen as past it and are negatively labelled

39
Q

(old age identity) society encourages us to celebrate youth, whilst making old age be seen as what?

A

something to be pitied or feared

40
Q

(old age identity) Sontag suggests there is a double standard of ageing, how?

A

women are required to stay young but men are allowed to visibly age e.g. silver fox

41
Q

(old age identity) Featherstone & Hepworth say many old people are forced to wear what?

A

the mask of old age

42
Q

(old age identity) Featherstone & Hepworth - what is the mask of old age?

A

expected to act like the stereotypes e.g. middle aged grandparents may be under pressure to take on the role of elderly grandparents e.g. knitting

43
Q

(old age identity) Featherstone & Hepworth say increasing numbers of old people are refusing to do what?

A

act in accord with the stereotypes they go on exotic holidays and enjoy extreme sports

44
Q

(old age identity) how are Britain’s pensioners split into 2 nations?

A
working class - old age means poverty
middle class have good pensions and can continue their leisure pursuits in old age to reject stereotypes

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