11/14/2014 Medical Physiology Cardiovascular System Design Barry Knox Flashcards Preview

Unit 5 > 11/14/2014 Medical Physiology Cardiovascular System Design Barry Knox > Flashcards

Flashcards in 11/14/2014 Medical Physiology Cardiovascular System Design Barry Knox Deck (26)
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1
Q

Deoxygenated blood returns through to the ______ through the systemic circulation.

A

Right atrium

2
Q

Right ventricle pumps this blood into the:

A

pulmonary circulation

3
Q

_________ blood returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins.

A

Reoxygenated

4
Q

Oxygenated blood is pumped by the left ventricle into the:

A

systemic arterial circulation

5
Q

What valves regulate entry into the pulmonary circulation?

A

Tricuspid and pulmonary

6
Q

What valves regulate entry into the systemic circulation?

A

Mitral and aortic

7
Q

If valves do not open fully, they are considered:

A

stenotic

8
Q

What is arryhthmia?

A

If the contractions of individual heart cells do not occur at regular intervals/are not synchronized.

9
Q

If valves leak, it is called:

A

regurgitance or valvular insufficiency

10
Q

If the cardiac muscle contractions are not forceful enough, what is i called?

A

Heart failure

11
Q

True or False: Ventricles must fill adequately during diastole.

A

True

12
Q

What is a normal cardiac output amount?

A

5-6 L/min

13
Q

Definition: The volume of blood pumped by the heart into the aorta each minute. What is it?

A

Cardiac output

14
Q

Why is the CO the same in the aorta and pulmonary arteries?

A

They are in series, therefore the amount of blood flowing through them is the same.

15
Q

Does pregnancy increase or decrease CO?

A

Increase

16
Q

Do rapid arrythmias increase or decrease CO?

A

Decrease

17
Q

Does heart disease increase or decrease CO?

A

Decrease

18
Q

CO (mL/min) =

A

SV (mL) x HR (beats/min)

19
Q

What is the stroke volume?

A

The amount of blood ejected out of each ventricle in mL.

20
Q

What is the ventricular preload?

A

Length of muscle at onset of contraction

21
Q

What is ventricular afterload?

A

Tension of muscle during contraction

22
Q

What are three main determinants of stroke volume?

A
  1. Myocardial contractility
  2. Ventricular afterload
  3. Ventricular preload
23
Q

The larger the ventricular end-diastolic volume, the larger the _______.

A

SV (Starling’s Law)

24
Q

The cross-sectional area of the vasculature is greatest where?

A

In the capillaries (totaled together)

25
Q

Definition: The average pressure over the entire cardiac cycle. What is it?

A

The mean arterial pressure (MAP)

26
Q

Give the equation for MAP.

A

MAP = DP + 1/3(SP-DP) = DP + 1/3PP

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