10.4 adult developement

Question 1

young adulthood ages

Answer 1

18-40

Question 2

middle adulthood ages

Answer 2

40-65

Question 3

older adulthood ages

Answer 3

65 +

Question 4

dimensions that determine a successful transition into adult roles

Answer 4

1. social relationships
2. managing new freedoms
3. overcoming new challenges

Question 5

for women diff in young and middle adulthood

Answer 5

menopause
(mens are less dramatic)
-declines in testosterone and declines in sex drive

Question 6

some complications associated with menopause

Answer 6

• estrogen levels drop significantly which can cause hot flashes
• lower interest in sex
• extreme emotional reactions

Question 7

the risk of developing a neurodegenerative condition increases in older adulthood

Answer 7

ex. dementia -affects 14% of individuals over age 71
alzheimer’s disease - make up 10% of dementia cases involves progressive worsening, and ultimately fatal, brain damage

Question 8

dementia

Answer 8

involves a serious disruption in mental functioning, memory difficulties, and impairments in judgment and decision making

Question 9

Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 9

• build up of beta amyloid bw neurons (forming amyloid plaques)
• tangles of tau proteins within neurons (forming neurofibrillary tangles)

Question 10

fluid intelligence

Answer 10

the capacity for new learning, speed of info processing, and the ability to adapt comfortably to new challenges and situations
(declines gradually with age)

Question 11

crystallized intelligence

Answer 11

the ability to use previously acquired knowledge and skill

does not decline with age very much

Question 12

factors that minimize declines in fluid intelligence

Answer 12

• staying physically active
• maintaining rewarding social relationships
• sticking to a healthy diet
• engaging in mentally challenging activities

Question 13

erik erikson

Answer 13

8 crisis

Question 14

8 crisis

Answer 14

1. trust vs. mistrust in infancy
2. automomy vs. sham/doubt in toddlerhood
3. initiative vs. guilt in early childhood
4. industry vs. inferiority in later childhood
5. identity vs. role confusion in adolescence
6. intimacy vs. isolation in early adulthood
7. generativity vs. stagnation in middle adulthood
8. ego integrity vs. despair during older adulthood

Question 15

there are advantages to finding a long term committed relationship during adulthood

Answer 15

members of couples: have sex more often, are more physically active, eat healthier
**as long as the culture is accepting, being a member of a committed, but unmarried, couple provides the same health benefits as being a member of a married couple

Question 16

divorce rates are high

Answer 16

in Canada about 40 percent of marriages end in divorce

a major culprit seems to be poor communication strategies

Question 17

the four horsemen of the apocalypse

Answer 17

criticism
defensiveness
contempt
stonewalling

Question 18

child raising is difficult and stressfull

Answer 18

time consuming
expensive
hard work
stressfull

Question 19

ppl are happiest in their marriages..

Answer 19

• before they have children

- and after their children leave home

Question 20

limitations and special challenges come with old age

Answer 20

and depression is a risk when limitations reduce physical activity and social interactions
despite these challenges, despair is not the norm and there is some evidence to suggest that older ppl are happier than younger ones

Question 21

older adults seem to be more biased than younger ppl to remember ______ over _______ info.

Answer 21

positive

negative

Question 22

the onset of adulthood varies and is culturally defined

Answer 22

• the hamar tribe of Ethiopia marks males’ transition to adulthood with a cow jumping ritual
• in North america, high school grad is often viewed as a point of transition into adulthood
• in japan, seijin shiki (coming of age day) serves a purpose that is similar to North american grad ceremonies
• Bat/Bar Mitzvah ceremony
• tacuna tribe of South america, the rite of passage for female members occurs at first menstruation
• rite of passage for Fulani males requires victory in a whipping competition