10 Intro Parasites Flashcards Preview

D1S Microbiology U2 > 10 Intro Parasites > Flashcards

Flashcards in 10 Intro Parasites Deck (18)
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1
Q

Consequence of prolonged, repeated, or high burden parasitic infection. Usually subacute/chronic (exceptions: plasmodium falciparum [malaria] may be rapidly fatal, immunocompromised people)

A

Parasitic Disease

2
Q

Many parasitic infections are ____ (caused by agents that infect animals).

Many human parasites require human and nonhuman hosts to complete their life cycles because humans are ____ hosts (no parasite developmental stage)

A

Zoonoses

Dead-end

3
Q

Single-celled eukaryotes. Disease is consequence of parasite replication to high numbers (intracellular- RBCs, macrophages; extracellular- lumen of GI tract). Examples: Plasmodium, Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Leishmania, Trypanosomes

A

Protozoa

4
Q

Trypanosoma, Leishmania, Giardia, Trichomonas, are examples of _____ protozoa. They tend to lack mitochondria and Golgi apparatus; reproduce by syngamy

A

Flagellated

5
Q

Plasmodium, toxoplasma Gondii, and cryptosporidium are examples of _____

A

Sporozoa (Produce sporozoites following sexual reproduction)

6
Q

Multicellular animals (roundworms, flatworms); extracellular; developmental stages take place outside of human (definitive hosts) in insect vectors or animal reservoirs (intermediate hosts). Reproduce sexually

A

Helminths (worms)

7
Q

Helminth disease is not a consquence of parasitic ____, rather parasitic ____

A

Replication

Burden (number of parasites host initially acquires from environment)

8
Q

Parasite vectors are usually

A

Arthropods

9
Q

Sources of parasites that do not participate directly in transmission.

A

Reservoirs

10
Q

Parasite Reservoirs include:

A

Humans (malaria, amoebae)
Animals (pigs/cattle - tapeworm)
Environment (soil-feces, water)

11
Q

Parasite Entry happens in 3 main ways:

A
  1. Oral/ingestion (ascariasis, amebiasis)
  2. Skin penetration (hookworm, schistosomes)
  3. Arthropod-borne (bite wounds, very efficient-malaria)
12
Q

Parasite transmission contraints include dependence on parasitic life cycle and presence/absence of intermediate hosts. Schistosomiasis requires ____ and Malaria requires ____

A

Snails

Mosquitoes

13
Q

Hookworm (nematodes) may be able to reduce ____ and ____

A

Asthma

Allergic reactions

14
Q

Leishmania are flagellates transmitted by ____ which is why this disease is rare in ____ and has had outbreaks in ____

A

Sand flies (phlebotomus)

North America/Europe

Syria

15
Q

Caused by uncooked meat or cat feces. Can cause miscarriages and behavior changes (schizophrenia)

A

Toxoplasma Gondii

16
Q

Infected humans are the only reservoir for ____ (malaria) that infect humans. They invade and kill RBCs.

A

Plasmodium

17
Q

Trypanosoma Brucei (African sleeping sickness) is transmitted by ___ found in ___ (region)

Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas’ disease) is transmitted by ____ found in ____

A
Tsetse flies (glossina)
Africa
Kissing bug (reduviid)
Latin America/South US
18
Q

This lecture is NOT completely covered by flash cards.

A

Maybe check for study guides to fill in the rest.